• Home
  • SES view
  • State view
    • Austria
    • Belgium
    • Bulgaria
    • Croatia
    • Cyprus
    • Czech Republic
    • Denmark
    • Estonia
    • Finland
    • France
    • Germany
    • Greece
    • Hungary
    • Ireland
    • Italy
    • Latvia
    • Lithuania
    • Luxembourg
    • Malta
    • MUAC
    • Netherlands
    • Norway
    • Poland
    • Portugal
    • Romania
    • Slovakia
    • Slovenia
    • Spain
    • Sweden
    • Switzerland
  • NM View
  • Investments
    • SES RP3

    • Austria
    • Belgium
    • Bulgaria
    • Croatia
    • Cyprus
    • Czech Republic
    • Denmark
    • Estonia
    • Finland
    • France
    • Germany
    • Greece
    • Hungary
    • Ireland
    • Italy
    • Latvia
    • Lithuania
    • Luxembourg
    • Malta
    • MUAC
    • Netherlands
    • Norway
    • Poland
    • Portugal
    • Romania
    • Slovakia
    • Slovenia
    • Spain
    • Sweden
    • Switzerland
  • About
  • Download
  • Data Portal
  • Publications
  1. Environment
  • Year report
    • RP3
    • 2024
    • 2023
    • 2022
    • 2021
    • 2020 ✓

  • Poland
  • Overview
    • Contextual information
    • Traffic
    • Safety
    • Environment
    • Capacity
    • Cost-efficiency

  • Safety
    • PRB monitoring
    • EoSM
    • Safety occurrences
      • Runway incursions
      • Separation minima infringements
      • Occurrences reporting
    • ASDRS

  • Environment
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • Horizontal flight efficiency
    • Terminal performance
      • AXOT & ASMA
      • CDO
    • CIV-MIL

  • Capacity
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • En route ATFM delay
      • Other indicators
    • Terminal performance
      • Arrival ATFM delay
      • Other performance indicators

  • Cost-efficiency
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route CZ
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result
    • Terminal CZ - Poland EPWA
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result
    • Terminal CZ - Poland Others
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result

Environment - Poland

Download Report

PRB monitoring

▪ Poland achieved a KEA performance of 1.67% compared to its reference value of 1.67% and therefore contributed positively towards the Union-wide target.

▪ The NSA stated that this performance will not be sustainable as IFR movements continue to grow. Performance in 2020 was affected by airspace users avoiding Ukrainian airspace and the definition of the KEA indicator means that this type of rerouting can significantly affect performance.

▪ The PRB believes that if Poland implements cross-border free route airspace in 2022 and restructures its TMA, the performance can be sustained and this should be the ultimate aim of the NSA.

▪ Only one out of 15 Polish airports that are regulated reported terminal data.

▪ The share of flights operating CCO/CDO at Polish airports improved in 2020 compared to 2019. The additional time airspace users spent taxiing or holding in terminal airspace reduced by 42% compared to 2019.

En route performance

Horizontal flight efficiency of the actual trajectory (KEA) (KPI#1), of the last filed flight plan (KEP) (PI#1) & shortest constrained route (SCR) (PI#2)

Terminal performance

Additional taxi-out time (AXOT) (PI#3) & Arrival Sequencing and Metering Area (ASMA) time (PI#4)

Focus on ASMA & AXOT

AXOT

Additional taxi-out times at Warsaw (EPWA; 2019: 3.43 min/dep.; 2020: 1.99 min/dep.) notably decreased thanks to the traffic reduction but it is also the effect of the longer taxi-out times in 2019 associated with works on the runways and taxiways. From April until November these times averaged 1.04 min/dep. although in December they went back to 2.34 min/dep. probably associated with de-icing procedures.

The Polish NSA reports that A-CDM was implemented in 2020 at Warsaw, which should also help reduce these additional taxi-out times. In addition, it is planned to implement a Traffic Complexity tool by 2021 and A-SMGCS by 2024.

ASMA

Additional times in the terminal airspace of Warsaw (EPWA; 2019: 2.09 min/arr.; 2020: 1.21 min/arr.) follow a similar pattern to the additional taxi-out times, with much lower times as of April, averaging 0.49 min/arr. in the period April-December 2020.

The Polish NSA reports that Arrival Manager (AMAN) (2019) was implemented in 2019 and that a TMA reconfiguration & resectorization, including new SID/STAR procedures is planned for 2021.

Share of arrivals applying continuous descent operations (CDOs) (PI#5)

Focus CDOs

All airports have shares of CDO flights (well) above the overall RP3 value in 2020 (32.5%) with values ranging from 36.3% to 68.1%. The use of Arrival Manager since 2019 at EPWA probably contributed to the high share of CDO flights for Warsaw (EPWA: 51.1%).

Airport level
Airport
Additional taxi-out time (PI#3)
Additional ASMA time (PI#4)
Share of arrivals applying CDO (PI#5)
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Warsaw 1.99 NA NA NA NA 1.21 NA NA NA NA 51% NA NA NA NA
Bydgoszcz NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 43% NA NA NA NA
Gdansk NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 58% NA NA NA NA
Krakow NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 53% NA NA NA NA
Katowice NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 49% NA NA NA NA
Lublin / Świdnik NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 37% NA NA NA NA
Lodz NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 42% NA NA NA NA
Modlin NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 66% NA NA NA NA
Poznan NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 41% NA NA NA NA
Rzeszow NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 53% NA NA NA NA
Szczecin NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 53% NA NA NA NA
Olsztyn-Mazury NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 48% NA NA NA NA
Wroclaw Airport NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 43% NA NA NA NA
Zielona Gora NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 68% NA NA NA NA
Radom NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Civil-Military dimension

Focus on Civil-Military dimension

Update on Military dimension of the plan

There are over 20 permanent military areas extending over FL95 in FIR EPWW that have impact on civil traffic flows and thereby can influence the horizontal flight efficiency indicator. Additionally in FIR EPWW recurring significant multinational NATO military exercises are held including: Anakonda, Astral Knight, AV-DET Rotation, Baltops, Defender, Dragon, Rammstein Guard, Tobruq Legacy. Due to large scale of those exercises there are aircraft stopovers and regroupings on military aerodromes in FIR EPWW that increase the load on ACC GAT and OAT Warszawa that might impact the route efficiency of civil aircrafts. Military aerodromes, including EPLK, EPKS, EPPW, EPMM, are located nearby the main civil aerodromes.

There are agreed procedures and LoA signed between PANSA and the Military side describing the process of airspace management at pre-tactical and tactical level in order to optimise its use. The procedures are continuously updated according to the current needs of both the civilian and military sides. The local ASM system (CAT) automatically exchanges the data with the Network Manager system. ASM information is available in ATM system, additionally published on website.

Military - related measures implemented or planned to improve environment and capacity

On strategic airspace management level all significant military exercises and permanent military areas are evaluated and analysed taking into account historic civil traffic flows and civil traffic predictions. The impact is consulted with the key stakeholders including neighbouring states, aerodrome operators, aircraft operators, ATS, the military, EUROCONTROL NM.

The locations of the military activities are, whenever possible, designed to not affect the main traffic flows, ATC routes, DCTs and POLFRA connectivity. Segmentation, time and level restrictions are imposed when needed to mitigate the impact in location in heavy traffic periods of day. If possible class C TRA airspace is implemented to minimize the impact on civil routing.

Military areas are always divided into smaller modules/segments. Each of these segments is designed in order to fit particular military activities without necessity to activate the whole area to perform specific military training assignments. The shape of these segments is always aligned with main civil traffic flows to minimize the horizontal flight inefficiency.

Special procedures are prepared including dynamic change of level or segment and creation of new temporary routings for avoidance of military traffic. Special coordination points are prepared in advance to improve the cooperation between military aircrafts and ATC arriving/departing to/from military areas. The information flow is guaranteed by internal procedures and Supporting Self Check-in Documents System.

Further measures planned to be implemented include:
- improvement/automation of exchange of information about military activity in segregated areas, especially on tactical level. Update of coordination procedures and local ASM support tool/system, which will reduce time required to release segregated areas back to civil traffic.
- implementation of closer cooperation between AMC Poland and FMP Warszawa in order to reduce as much as possible negative influence of segregated areas on civil traffic. Implementation of new coordination procedures taking into account forecasted demand of civil traffic on segregated airspace allocation in time on day of the operations.

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#6

On strategic airspace management level all significant exercises and permanent areas are evaluated and analyzed taking into account historic civil traffic flows and civil traffic predictions. The impact, depending on scale, is consulted with the key stakeholders including neighbouring states, aerodrome operators, aircraft operators, ATS, military, EUROCONTROL NM.

The lateral and vertical limits of the airspace elements published are designated considering the actual needs of users and nature of activities. All airspace elements shall be planned only for the time period necessary to perform the intended task. The user is obliged to specify precisely the period of activity of a selected element and all timely suspensions of activity between these periods.

The locations of the activities are designed not to affect the main traffic flows, ATC routes, DCTs and POLFRA connectivity. Segmentation, time and level restrictions are imposed when needed to mitigate the impact in location in heavy traffic periods of day. If possible class C TRA airspace is implemented to minimize the impact on civil routing.

When the areas excess the set scale they are always divided into smaller modules/segments. Each of these segments is designed in order to fit particular activities without necessity to activate the whole area to perform specific assignments. The shape of these segments is always aligned with main civil traffic flows to minimize the horizontal flight inefficiency.

Further measures planned to be implemented include:
- improvement/automation of exchange of information about military activity in segregated areas, especially on tactical level. Update of coordination procedures and local ASM support tool/system which will reduce time required to release segregated areas back to civil traffic.
- implementation of closer cooperation between AMC Poland and FMP Warszawa in order to reduce as much as possible negative influence of segregated areas on civil traffic. Implementation of new coordination procedures taking into account forecasted demand of civil traffic on segregated airspace allocation in time on day of the operations.

Annual review of the efficiency of airspace utilization is conducted.

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#7

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#8

The lateral and vertical limits of the airspace elements published are designated considering the actual needs of users and nature of activities. All airspace elements shall be planned only for the period necessary to perform the intended task. The user is obliged to specify precisely the period of activity of a selected element and all timely suspensions of activity between these periods.

Segmentation, time and level restrictions are imposed when needed to mitigate the impact in location in heavy traffic periods of day. If possible class C TRA airspace is implemented to minimize the impact on civil routing. Special procedures are prepared including dynamic change of level or area segment.

Further improvements planned to be implemented include:
- improvement/automation of exchange of information about military activity in segregated areas, especially on tactical level. Update of coordination procedures and local ASM support tool/system which will reduce time required to release segregated areas back to civil traffic.
- implementation of closer cooperation between AMC Poland and FMP Warszawa in order to reduce as much as possible negative influence of segregated areas on civil traffic. Implementation of new coordination procedures taking into account forecasted demand of civil traffic on segregated airspace allocation in time on day of the operations.

 
  • © European Union, 2025

  • Disclaimer

  • Website published by EUROCONTROL for the European Commission