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  1. Environment
  • Year report
    • 2023
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  • Netherlands
  • Overview
    • Contextual information
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  • Safety
    • PRB monitoring
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  • Environment
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • Horizontal flight efficiency
    • Terminal performance
      • AXOT & ASMA
      • CDO
    • CIV-MIL

  • Capacity
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • En route ATFM delay
      • Other indicators
    • Terminal performance
      • Arrival ATFM delay
      • Other performance indicators

  • Cost-efficiency
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route CZ
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result
    • Terminal CZ
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result

Environment - Netherlands

Download Report

PRB monitoring

▪ The Netherlands achieved a KEA performance of 3.04% compared to its target of 2.62% and did not contribute positively towards achieving the Union-wide target. KEA deteriorated compared to 2021.

▪ Both KEP and SCR values have improved by 4% compared to 2021.

▪ The share of CDO flights decreased by 8.48% compared to 2021.

▪ During 2022, additional time in terminal airspace increased from 0.86 to 1.12min/flight, while additional taxi out time increased from 2.19 to 2.77min/flight.

▪ The NSA states that the worsening environmental performance was due to internal and external issues, such as weather effects, maintenance at Schiphol airport, and network measures to reduce traffic demand for Reims ACC during their 4-FLIGHT implementation.

En route performance

Horizontal flight efficiency of the actual trajectory (KEA) (KPI#1), of the last filed flight plan (KEP) (PI#1) & shortest constrained route (SCR) (PI#2)

Terminal performance

Additional taxi-out time (AXOT) (PI#3) & Arrival Sequencing and Metering Area (ASMA) time (PI#4)

Focus on ASMA & AXOT

AXOT

Additional taxi-out times at Amsterdam (EHAM; 2019: 3.11 min/dep; 2020: 1.78 min/dep.; 2021: 2.19 min/dep.; 2022: 2.77 min/dep.) increased in 2022 resulting in an annual value above the SES average 2.52 min/dep, although this was still lower than the pre-COVID value in 2019.
According to the Dutch monitoring report: No specific initiatives are planned. The performance is mainly influenced by the runway combination in use (e.g. taxiing around an active runway instead of crossing it - that only happens when the runway is not in use) or taxiway maintenance.
The monitoring report also mentions: The additional taxi-out time is computed by EUROCONTROL/PRU and can be retrieved on the SES e-dashboard (https://www.eurocontrol.int/prudata/dashboard/data/) but the indicator is not available for all airports. However, the methodology defined by PRU is still under discussion because it remains unclear what the time difference from year to year indicates, or the meaningfulness of an airport A versus airport B comparison, in particular when focussing on the ANSP influence on the performance.

ASMA

Additional times in the terminal airspace of Amsterdam (EHAM; 2019: 1.78 min/arr.; 2020: 1.02 min/arr.; 2021: 0.86 min/arr.; 2022: 1.12 min/arr.) increased in 2022 resulting in an annual value above the SES average 1.06 min/arr., although this was still lower than the pre-COVID value in 2019.
According to the Dutch monitoring report: RECAT-EU and Time-Based Separation has been introduced at Amsterdam-Schiphol resulting in increased runway capacity under certain circumstances and reduced time in ASMA.
Furthermore, implementation of fixed arrival routes in the Schiphol TMA are planed in RP4. Expected effects are reduced vectoring and more predictable times in the TMA.

Share of arrivals applying continuous descent operations (CDOs) (PI#5)

Focus CDOs

All airport have shares of CDO flights below the overall RP3 value in 2022 (29.0%).
Amsterdam (EHAM), Groningen (EHGG) and Rotterdam (EHRD) have a lower share of CDO flights than in 2021 while it has increased at Maastricht-Aachen (EHBK) from 8.9% in 2021 to 10.4% of CDO flights in 2022.
According to the Dutch monitoring report: For the Netherlands, the percentage of arrivals performing a CDO is similar in 2022 compared to 2021 and 2020. Even with lower traffic levels arrivals have to fly a part of the approach in level flight e.g. due to procedures (vertical separation between parallel approaches, interception of glide slope from below).
Implementation of fixed arrival routes in the Schiphol and Rotterdam TMA in RP4 should improve predictability of distance to go for airspace users and thus a higher share of CDOs.

Airport level
Airport Name
Additional taxi-out time (PI#3)
Additional ASMA time (PI#4)
Share of arrivals applying CDO (PI#5)
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Schiphol 1.78 2.19 2.77 NA NA 1.02 0.86 1.12 NA NA 30% 29% 27% NA NA
Beek NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 11% 9% 10% NA NA
Eelde NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 26% 28% 27% NA NA
Rotterdam NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 20% 22% 19% NA NA

Civil-Military dimension

Focus on Civil-Military dimension

Update on Military dimension of the plan

For obvious flight safety reasons, military activities must be segregated from civil flows which has an impact on both horizontal (HFE) and vertical flight efficiency (VFE).
Because ASM manageable areas form an integral part of the nominal system, military airspace reservations shall be considered as part of the performance baseline rather than a key factor degrading environmental KPIs.
As a result of implementation of the FUA concept the impact of military activities using Restricted Airspace -RSA on civil performance is highly minored when associated with an efficient ASM process:
At strategic level (HLAPB) by designing areas in accordance with A-FUA concept (MVPA/VGA structures), especially for congested airspaces.
At pre-tactical level (AMC), by managing these areas in a dynamic way, with an associated level 2 CDM process, validated by HLAPB.
At tactical level (ACC/Regional Military Control Centre) by activating/deactivating areas as close as possible to actual use and allowing crossing or direct routes when possible (in accordance with TRA status), with an associated level 3 CDM process validated by HLAPB.
At each level, HLAPB, AMC or ACC/Regional Military Control Centre, a key factor of efficiency is a trust-driven civil-military cooperation. As a counterpart, AOs and CFSPs must be reactive and take efficiently into account available or released airspaces. At last, ANSP have also to adapt the route network to create more DCTs within military areas.
Finally, local circumstances (e.g. constrained airspace, proximity of international hubs, etc….) as well as a large number of military missions that differ from one State to another must be taken into account. Therefore, airspace needs (e.g. airspace requirements for the 5th generation fighters) and related ASM procedures of the States differ and standardized objectives cannot be defined.

Military - related measures implemented or planned to improve capacity

FABEC States are working on mid-term improvements regarding implementation of ASM level 1, 2, and 3 procedures. Some local initiatives regarding ASM/ATFCM convergence, like the traffic Light Scheme concept in France are promoted at FABEC level, as well as at ECAC level in the EUROCONTROL OEP framework.
Another major improvement is the interconnection of the existing ASM tools (e.g. LARA, STANLY_ACOS) at FABEC Level, to enhance regional coordination among FABEC AMCs as well as with the NM.

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#6

For MUAC the ATMP will be used to propose improved routings to aircraft operators in pre-tract. The tool takes into account the expected airspace availability

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#7

No data available

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#8

No data available

 
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