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  1. Environment
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  • Germany
  • Overview
    • Contextual information
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  • Safety
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  • Environment
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • Horizontal flight efficiency
    • Terminal performance
      • AXOT & ASMA
      • CDO
    • CIV-MIL

  • Capacity
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • En route ATFM delay
      • Other indicators
    • Terminal performance
      • Arrival ATFM delay
      • Other performance indicators

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    • PRB monitoring
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Environment - Germany

Download Report

PRB monitoring

▪ Germany achieved a KEA performance of 2.76% compared to its target of 2.30% and did not contribute positively towards achieving the Union-wide target.

▪ The NSA states that flight efficiency deteriorated after the pandemic, due to increased traffic and establishment of military corridors following Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine.

▪ Both KEP and SCR deteriorated in comparison with 2021.

▪ The share of CDO flights decreased by 21.60% compared to 2021.

▪ During 2022, additional time in terminal airspace decreased from 1.14 to 1.08 min/flight, while additional taxi out time increased from 1.85 min/flight to 1.87 min/flight.

En route performance

Horizontal flight efficiency of the actual trajectory (KEA) (KPI#1), of the last filed flight plan (KEP) (PI#1) & shortest constrained route (SCR) (PI#2)

Terminal performance

Additional taxi-out time (AXOT) (PI#3) & Arrival Sequencing and Metering Area (ASMA) time (PI#4)

Focus on ASMA & AXOT

AXOT

In global, the additional taxi-out times in 2022 at German airports was 7% higher than in 2021. Evolution at each airport is different but without any drastic changes at any of these airports. Only Munich (EDDM; 2019: 3.82 min/dep; 2020: 2.48 min/dep.; 2021: 3.12 min/dep.; 2022: 2.7 min/dep.), regardless of a slight decrease, exceeded the 2022 average additional taxi-out time for the SES monitored airports of 2.52 min/dep.

According to the German monitoring report: This data is not collected by DFS. No initiatives were/are planned. Most of the movement/taxi-areas at german airports are outside of the responsibility of DFS. The NSA is monitoring the KPA Environment by regularly checking the current performance by using the existing dashboards.

The German monitoring report takes the values from the SES DB (https://www.eurocontrol.int/prudata/dashboard/vis/2022/), which is the same as the data in the pre-filled monitoring templates and used across this report.

ASMA

The additional ASMA times evolved in 2022 in a different manner at each German airport, but in total, and driven mainly by the improvements in Berlin Brandenburg and Munich, these times were 3% lower than in 2021. In comparison with the 2022 SES average of 1.06 min/arr, only Franfurt (EDDF; 2019: 2.17 min/arr.; 2020: 1.73 min/arr.; 2021: 1.51 min/arr.; 2022: 1.65 min/arr.) and Cologne (EDDK; 2019: 1.15 min/arr.; 2020: 0.88 min/arr.; 2021: 1.27 min/arr.; 2022: 1.3 min/arr.) exceed that value.

According to German monitoring report: ATM in TMAs is still focusing on noise abatement (departure) and capacity and traffic flow (approach). With traffic recovering after the COVID pandemic more tactical manouvering inside TMAs ocurred as forecasted. In addition projects to shorten TMA detours have been sucessfully implemented (EDDL/MODRU; EDDS/TEDGO). The NSA is monitoring the KPA Environment by regularly checking the current performance by using the existing dashboards.

The German monitoring report takes the values from the SES DB (https://www.eurocontrol.int/prudata/dashboard/vis/2022/), which is the same as the data in the pre-filled monitoring templates and used across this report.

Share of arrivals applying continuous descent operations (CDOs) (PI#5)

Focus CDOs

All German airports had shares of CDO flights below the RP3 overall value in 2022 (29.0%). Only Hamburg (EDDH), Bremen (EDDW), Münster-Osnabrück (EDDG) and Saarbrücken (EDDR) saw an improvement in the share of CDOs. Overall, the share of CDO decreased from 16.2% in 2021 to 12.7% in 2022. The two airports with the highest traffic numbers, Frankfurt (EDDF) and Munich (EDDM), still have a very low share of CDO flights.
The share of CDO flights decreased with 5 or more percentage points for Cologne/Bonn (EDDK), Dusseldorf (EDDL), Munich (EDDM), Stuttgart (EDDS) and Erfurt (EDDE).

According to the German monitoring report: After DFS had successfully implemented High-Transition-Operations to continuously approach Frankfurt from close to cruising levels a new project in the context of HERON is set up to design CDOs to EDDF from cruising level from various directions (out of adjacient FIRs/UIRs including MUAC) making use of the results from the former project.

Besides DFS is taking every opportunity to apply published or tactical CDO procedures at airspace users individual needs whenever traffic allows.

The NSA is monitoring the KPA Environment by regularly checking the current performance by using the existing dashboards. Source of above shown values: SES DB (https://www.eurocontrol.int/prudata/dashboard/vis/2022/)

Airport level
Airport
Additional taxi-out time (PI#3)
Additional ASMA time (PI#4)
Share of arrivals applying CDO (PI#5)
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Berlin Schönefeld 1.29 1.90 1.58 NA NA 0.40 0.93 0.59 NA NA 29% 23% 21% NA NA
Berlin-Tegel 0.94 NA NA NA NA 0.72 NA NA NA NA 26% NA NA NA NA
Bremen 0.60 0.65 0.69 NA NA 0.51 0.26 0.29 NA NA 25% 16% 23% NA NA
Köln-Bonn 1.36 1.34 1.22 NA NA 0.88 1.27 1.30 NA NA 29% 25% 18% NA NA
Dresden 0.46 0.46 0.76 NA NA 0.40 0.19 0.15 NA NA 24% 22% 21% NA NA
Düsseldorf 1.37 1.33 1.63 NA NA 1.25 0.59 0.91 NA NA 27% 24% 19% NA NA
Erfurt 0.41 0.48 0.59 NA NA 0.17 0.26 0.69 NA NA 20% 22% 14% NA NA
Frankfurt 1.90 1.34 1.81 NA NA 1.73 1.51 1.65 NA NA 8% 7% 5% NA NA
Hamburg 0.91 1.12 1.37 NA NA 0.60 0.45 0.55 NA NA 33% 26% 27% NA NA
Hannover 1.03 0.73 1.01 NA NA 0.65 0.13 0.24 NA NA 33% 32% 27% NA NA
Leipzig 2.01 3.68 2.40 NA NA 2.07 1.91 1.61 NA NA 18% 15% 12% NA NA
Münster-Osnabrück 1.02 1.19 1.09 NA NA 0.53 0.28 0.39 NA NA 17% 19% 23% NA NA
München 2.48 3.12 2.70 NA NA 1.12 1.20 0.92 NA NA 11% 10% 5% NA NA
Nürnberg 0.63 0.92 1.35 NA NA 0.43 0.32 0.33 NA NA 21% 19% 14% NA NA
Saarbrücken 2.43 2.72 2.15 NA NA 0.61 0.46 0.43 NA NA 14% 11% 12% NA NA
Stuttgart 1.85 1.87 1.91 NA NA 0.56 0.32 0.51 NA NA 16% 16% 10% NA NA

Civil-Military dimension

Focus on Civil-Military dimension

Update on Military dimension of the plan

For obvious flight safety reasons, military activities must be segregated from civil flows which has an impact on both horizontal (HFE) and vertical flight efficiency (VFE). Because ASM manageable areas form an integral part of the nominal system, military airspace reservations shall be considered as part of the performance baseline rather than a key factor degrading environmental KPIs.

As a result of implementation of the FUA concept the impact of military activities using Restricted Airspace on civil performance is highly minored when associated with an efficient ASM process:
- At strategic level (HLAPB) by designing areas in accordance with A-FUA concept (MVPA structures), especially for congested airspaces.
- At pre-tactical level (AMC), by managing these areas in a dynamic way, with an associated level 2 CDM process, validated by HLAPB.
- At tactical level (ACC/UAC in cooperation with TCS) by activating/deactivating areas as close as possible to actual use and allowing crossing or direct routes when possible (in accordance with TRA status), with an associated level 3 CDM process validated by HLAPB.

At each level, HLAPB, AMC or ACC/UAC, a key factor of efficiency is a trust-driven civil-military cooperation. As a counterpart, AOs and CFSPs must be reactive and take efficiently into account available or released airspaces. At last, ANSP have also to adapt the route network to create more DCTs within military areas.

Finally, local circumstances (e.g. constrained airspace, proximity of international hubs, etc….) as well as a large number of military missions that differ from one State to another must be taken into account. Therefore, airspace needs (e.g. airspace requirements for the 5th generation fighters) and related ASM procedures of the States differ and standardized objectives cannot be defined.

Military - related measures implemented or planned to improve capacity

FABEC States are working on mid-term improvements regarding implementation of ASM level 1, 2, and 3 procedures. Some local initiatives regarding ASM/ATFCM convergence, like the traffic Light Scheme concept in France are promoted at FABEC level, as well as at ECAC level in the EUROCONTROL OEP framework. Another major improvement is the interconnection of the existing ASM tools (e.g. LARA, STANLY_ACOS) at FABEC Level, to enhance regional coordination among FABEC AMCs as well as with the NM.

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#6

No data available.

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#7

No data available.

Initiatives implemented or planned to improve PI#8

No data available.

 
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