Annual Monitoring Report 2022 - Spain
Contextual information
National performance plan adopted following Commission Decision (EU) 2022/776 of 13 April 2022
List of ACCs 5
Barcelona ACC
Madrid ACC
Palma ACC
Sevilla ACC
Canarias ACC
No of airports in the scope of the performance plan
≥80’K 6
<80’K 1
Exchange rate (1 EUR=)
2017: 1 EUR
2022: 1 EUR
Share of Union-wide traffic (TSUs) 2022 11.9%
Share of Union-wide en route costs 2022 12.5%
Share en route / terminal costs 2022 88% / 12%
En route charging zone(s)
Spain Continental
Spain Canarias
Terminal charging zone(s)
Spain
Main ANSP
• ENAIRE
Other ANSPs
• FERRONATS
• ANSP EA
MET Providers
• AEMET
Traffic (En route traffic zone)
▪ Spain recorded 1,984K actual IFR movements in 2022, +66% compared to 2021 (1,192K).
▪ Actual 2022 IFR movements were +2.3% above the plan (1,939K).
▪ Actual 2022 IFR movements represent 92% of the actual 2019 level (2,152K).
▪ Spain recorded 12,868K actual en route service units in 2022, +74% compared to 2021 (7,390K).
▪ Actual 2022 service units were +2.1% above the plan (12,605K).
▪ Actual 2022 service units represent 96% of the actual 2019 level (13,439K).
Safety (Main ANSP)
▪ ENAIRE has already exceeded the RP3 EoSM targets in 2021 and remained on or above the targets since then. ENAIRE implemented continuous monitoring process to ensure maintaining high safety performance.
▪ SKYWAY achieved the RP3 EoSM target in four out of five management objectives with only safety risk management requiring further improvement. This is in line with their performance plan.
▪ SKYWAY continuously improves this area giving confidence that all RP3 EoSM targets will be achieved by the end of RP3.
▪ Spain recorded stable performance with respect to safety occurrences, with higher rate of separation minima infringements and marginally lower rate of runway incursions relative to 2021.
▪ Spain uses specific automated safety data recording systems for ACC and TMA sectors, and is one of the few ANSPs doing so.
Environment (Member State)
▪ Spain achieved a KEA performance of 3.32% compared to its target of 3.08% and did not contribute positively towards achieving the Union-wide target. KEA worsened by 0.02 p.p. compared to 2021.
▪ The NSA states that the increase in KEA is due to traffic recovery and to transition plans for the new ATM system which requires mitigation measures in Reims, Lisbon, Marseille, and possibly Casablanca, leading to re-routings.
▪ Both KEP and SCR decreased in 2022 in comparison to 2021 and were at their lowest values in the past five years.
▪ The share of CDO flights decreased by 1.12% compared to 2021.
▪ During 2022, additional time in terminal airspace increased from 0.88 to 1.14 min/flight, while additional taxi out time increased from 2.01 to 2.64 min/flight.
Capacity (Member State)
▪ Spain registered 0.34 minutes of average en route ATFM delay per flight during 2022, which has been adjusted to 0.30 during the post-ops adjustment process, thus not achieving the local target value of 0.20. Spain registered 0.34 minutes of average en route ATFM delay per flight during 2022, which has been adjusted to 0.30 during the post-ops adjustment process, thus not achieving the local target value of 0.20.
▪ The average number of IFR movements was 8% below 2019 levels in Spain in 2022.
▪ The number of ATCOs in OPS is planned to remain the same in Canarias ACC, while a decrease in the numbers is planned in all the other ACCs by the end of RP3. The actual values followed the 2022 plan in Barcelona and Sevilla ACCs, while in Canarias, Madrid, and Palma ACCs they were higher than the 2022 plan.
▪ Given that ATC capacity appears to be a continuing issue at Spanish ACCs, the planned number of ATCOs in OPS may need to be revised upwards.
▪ Delays were highest between June and December, mostly due to ATC Capacity issues and adverse weather conditions.
▪ The share of delayed flights with delays longer than 15 minutes in Spain increased by 5.01 p.p. compared to 2021 and was lower than 2019 values.
▪ The yearly total of sector opening hours in Barcelona ACC was 56,939 in 2022, showing a 51.5% increase compared to 2021. Sector opening hours are 5.7% below 2019 levels. The yearly total of sector opening hours in Madrid ACC was 92,490 in 2022, showing a 50.1% increase compared to 2021. Sector opening hours are 10.3% below 2019 levels. The yearly total of sector opening hours in Palma ACC was 37,197 in 2022, showing a 19.9% increase compared to 2021. Sector opening hours are 3.9% below 2019 levels. The yearly total of sector opening hours in Sevilla ACC was 38,559 in 2022, showing a 26.9% increase compared to 2021. Sector opening hours are 6.2% below 2019 levels.
▪ Barcelona ACC registered 15.36 IFR movements per one sector opening hour in 2022, being 1.3% below 2019 levels. Madrid ACC registered 11.64 IFR movements per one sector opening hour in 2022, being 1.9% over 2019 levels. Palma ACC registered 8.96 IFR movements per one sector opening hour in 2022, being 7.3% over 2019 levels. Sevilla ACC registered 11.43 IFR movements per one sector opening hour in 2022, being 9.3% over 2019 levels.
Cost-efficiency (En route/Terminal charging zone(s))
▪ The en route 2022 actual unit cost of Spain Continental was 58.30 €2017, 8.7% higher than the determined unit cost (53.64 €2017). The en route 2022 actual unit cost of Spain Canarias was 56.93 €2017, 15% lower than the determined unit cost (66.92 €2017).
▪ The terminal 2022 actual unit cost of Spain was 126.16 €2017, 6.6% higher than the determined unit cost (118.36 €2017).
▪ The en route 2022 actual service units of Spain Continental (11,079K) were 1.0% lower than the determined service units (11,190K). The en route 2022 actual service units of Spain Canarias (1,790K) were 27% higher than the determined (1,415K).
▪ In 2022, Spain Continental increased en route total cost by 46 M€2017 (+7.6%) compared to the determined. All cost categories increased, except the cost of capital. The increase in staff cost in ENAIRE (+45 M€2017, or +10.5%) was the main driver of the increase, the NSA noted that it is due to unforeseen increases in salaries derived from new national law requirements.
▪ In 2022, Spain Canaries increased en route total cost by 7.2 M€2017 (+7.6%) compared to determined. Similar to Spain Continental, all cost categories increased except for the cost of capital. The reasons are the same as for Spain Continental.
▪ These significant differences in staff costs amount to 97 M€ in nominal terms, which Spain intended to charge to airspace users through the cost sharing mechanism. The PRB invites the NSA to investigate the eligibility of such costs and to ensure proper consultation with airspace users on this topic.
▪ ENAIRE spent 115 M€2017 in 2022 related to costs of investments, 4.1% less than determined (120 M€2017) mainly due to some delays to take account of new technological evolution and regulation requirements in the investments.
▪ The en route Spain Continental actual unit cost incurred by users in 2022 was 70.16€, while the en route Spain Canarias actual unit cost incurred by users was 48.44€. The terminal actual unit cost incurred by users was 27.02€.