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  1. Capacity
  • Year report
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      • Horizontal flight efficiency
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  • Capacity
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • En route ATFM delay
      • Other indicators
    • Terminal performance
      • Arrival ATFM delay
      • Other performance indicators

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Capacity - Romania

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PRB monitoring

▪ Romania registered zero minutes of average en route ATFM delay per flight during 2021, thus meeting the local breakdown value of 0.02.

▪ Delays should be considered in the context of lower traffic: in Romania, IFR movements in 2021 were 39% lower than in 2019.

▪ Romania has received additional traffic due to airspace closures East of the SES airspace potentially expediting the recovery. The 2019 levels are likely to be reached in 2023 in high and base growth scenarios. An increase in the number of ATCOs in OPS is planned in Bucharest ACC by the end of RP3.

▪ The yearly total of sector opening hours in Bucharest ACC was 68,607, showing a 0.3% decrease compared to 2020. Sector opening hours are 0.0% below 2019 levels.

▪ Bucharest ACC registered 6.52 IFR movements per one sector opening hour in 2021, being 39.2% below 2019 levels.

En route performance

En route ATFM delay (KPI#1)

Focus on en route ATFM delay

Summary of capacity performance

Romania experienced an increase in traffic from 320k flights in 2020 to 454k flights in 2021, with zero ATFM delay. However, traffic levels were still substantially below the 747k flights in 2019.

NSA’s assessment of capacity performance

The significantly reduced traffic in the pandemic context allowed during 2021 optimised traffic flows and values (0) for ATFM delay per flight. Nevertheless, in the perspective of future traffic recovery, ROMATSA continues the airspace strucure improvement process, by supporting Free Route operations expansion in the context of SEEFRA, by removing the ATS Routes above FL105 within Bucuresti CTA during Summer Season 2021 and by sectorisation improvements (planned for Q1 2023).
ROMATSA has become a member of the collaborative, pan-European, Centralised Code Assignment and Management System (CCAMS), starting with 15th of October 2021.
CCAMS aims to overcome the current and future shortages of the Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) codes used by Air Traffic Control for radar services and provides a unique SSR code to each flight operating in the countries using the service. CCAMS optimises the efficiency of European SSR code management by introducing the dynamic transponder codes allocation, allowing the simultaneous use of the same code in volumes of airspace separated by a buffer zone.
This approach assures the optimal use of SSR codes and reduces the SSR codes shortage and conflicts in the CCAMS region. Through CCAMS application within București FIR the SSR codes management is more efficient, increasing safety.
It also determines a reduction of the airborne SSR code changes, thus decreasing ATC workload and allowing for more flights to be handled.
Being among the pioneers of Mode S implementation in the entire FIR, CCAMS activation makes ROMATSA one of the few air navigation service providers in Europe that have operationalized both concepts.

Monitoring process for capacity performance

ROMATSA provided regularly inputs on capacity availability in the context of NOP Rolling Seasonal Plan implemented by the Network manager at European network level. The expected en-route performance was and is regularly evaluated by the NM for each ACC, including Bucuresti ACC, in terms of planned/maximum sector openings in relation with the estimated traffic demand.

Capacity planning

In the context of COVID-19 crisis, the capacity as previously planned and published within an annual NOP (Network Operatios Plan) has been adapted accordingly by adoption of capacity plans under a NOP Rolling Seasonal Plan format, including periods of 6 weeks, based on the expected traffic demand regularly provided by the Network Manager. These plans refer to:
- sector openings
- maximum possible sector openings
- availability of support of operational staff.
- special events and projects, etc.
Bucuresti ACC ensured a stable sector opening plan with no sector capacity reduction throughout this difficult period, with the possibility to increase the number of sectors plan, if the traffic is increasing and support operational staff working as normal.

Application of Corrective Measures for Capacity (if applicable)

As presented during the RP2 revision process, ROMATSA faces an ageing ATCO personnel. This is especially true in ACC Bucharest, where more than 1/3 of ATCOs are over 50 years old and will be over age 55 at the end of RP3. It takes between 3 to 5 years to fully train and authorize an ATCO for ACC, therefore a recruitment process was started in 2017 and should continue until the end of RP3, as was approved through the RP2 revision in December 2018, to guarantee proper staffing levels to ensure safety and capacity. As it can be seen in the figure, without recruitment capacity in ACC Bucharest would not meet the required needs.

NSA: revision to the Performance Plan which will be transmitted to the EC, after the Decision of the Inconsistency nr 2283/2022
Capacity targets are met, continuous oversight, licencing of new ACOs and training approvals.

Other indicators

Focus on ATCOs in operations

Due to the impact of the COVID19 pandemic, training of new ATCOs has been delayed and the 24 ATCOs who were supposed to be partially licensed at the end of 2021 will become full FTE in 2022. In what concerns ATCOs that have stopped working in the OPS room, apart from the 2 that were retired, 1 has lost its licence due to medical reasons, 2 more were moved to the simulator due to health issues that prevent them from working in shifts as required in OPS and 1 has temporarily taken over the position of Director for Bucharest Regional Subsidiary.

Terminal performance

Arrival ATFM delay (KPI#2)

Focus on arrival ATFM delay

Romania includes 2 airports under RP3 monitoring. However, in accordance with IR (EU) 2019/317 and the traffic figures, only Bucharest/Otopeni (LROP) must be monitored for the pre-departure delay indicators. The Airport Operator Data Flow, necessary for the monitoring of these delays, is correctly implemented where required and the monitoring of all capacity indicators can be performed. Nevertheless, the quality of the reporting from Bucharest does not allow for the calculation of the ATC pre-departure delay, with more than 60% of the reported delay not allocated to any cause.
Traffic at these 2 airports decreased in 2021 is still 40% lower than in 2019, regardless of a 37% increase with respect to 2020.

Average arrival ATFM delays in 2021 was 0 min/arr, same as in 2020.
ATFM slot adherence has improved (2021: 98.2%; 2020: 96.6%).

The significantly reduced traffic due to the pandemic context allowed ROMATSA to reach the capacity indicator for terminal and airport with 0 delays.
According to the Romanian monitoring report: ROMATSA and Bucharest Airports National Company continue to work together to ensure optimum capacity level at terminal level as this impacts the entire network. On one hand ROMATSA has implemented at Otopeni TWR a different ATM system with A-SMGCS component, composed of a surveillance subsystem (operational for over three years) and an electronic flight strips subsystem (transferred into operations on April 8th 2019 ), interfaced via OLDI with the System covering the rest of the ATS units.
There is in place also a common procedure between Bucharest Airports National Company and TWR Otopeni for repairing works periods on the manoeuvring area, ie pre-established alternative standard taxi routes;
According to EU Reg 255/2010 a common procedure regarding ATFM for the regulation of traffic in situations that may influence the airport’s capacity is in place.
Implementation of AMAN at Bucharest APP is foreseen also during RP3 and also the upgrade of ASMGCS to include Advance Tower Messaging.

The NSA intends to do a revision to the Performance Plan which will be transmitted to the EC, after the Decision of the Inconsistency nr 2283/2022
The monitoring report also mentions that Capacity targets are met, continuous oversight, licencing of new ACOs and training approvals.
External factor regarding CNAB: administrative decisions regarding the works and maintenance at the airport.

The provisional national target on arrival ATFM delay in 2021 was met.

In accordance with Article 3 (3) (a) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1627: The incentive scheme shall cover only the calendar years 2022 to 2024.

Other terminal performance indicators (PI#1-3)

Airport level
Airport name
Avg arrival ATFM delay (KPI#2)
Slot adherence (PI#1)
ATC pre departure delay (PI#2)
All causes pre departure delay (PI#3)
2020 2021 2022 2023 2020 2021 2022 2023 2020 2021 2022 2023 2020 2021 2022 2023
Bucharest AUREL VLAICU NA NA NA NA 100.0% 100.0% NA% NA% NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Bucharest HENRI COANDA 0 NA NA NA 96.6% 98.1% NA% NA% 0.10 0.21 NA NA 10.2 12.4 NA NA
Focus on performance indicators at airport level

ATFM slot adherence

With the drastic drop in traffic, the share of regulated departures from Bucharest/Otopeni (LROP) until July 2021.
Only 44 departures in total from Bucharest Aurel Vlaicu (LRBS) were regulated in the entire year, with a 100% compliance.
The national average, driven by Bucharest/Otopeni, was 98.2%, an improvement with respect to 2020’s performance (96.6%). With regard to the 1.8% of flights that did not adhere, 0.8% was early and 1% was late.
The Romanian NSA reports: According to EU Reg 255/2010 a common procedure regarding ATFM for the regulation of traffic in situations that may influence the airport’s capacity is in place between Bucharest Airports National Company and ROMATSA

ATC pre-departure delay

The calculation of the ATC pre-departure delay is based on the data provided by the airport operators through the Airport Operator Data Flow (APDF) which is properly implemented at Bucharest/Otopeni (the only Romanian airport subject to monitoring of this indicator).
However, there are several quality checks before EUROCONTROL can produce the final value which is established as the average minutes of pre-departure delay (delay in the actual off block time) associated to the IATA delay code 89 (through the APDF, for each delayed flight, the reasons for that delay have to be transmitted and coded according to IATA delay codes.
However, sometimes the airport operator has no information concerning the reasons for the delay in the off block, or they cannot convert the reasons to the IATA delay codes. In those cases, the airport operator might:
- Not report any information about the reasons for the delay for that flight (unreported delay)
- Report a special code to indicate they do not have the information (code ZZZ)
- Report a special code to indicate they do not have the means to collect and/or translate the information (code 999)
To be able to calculate with a minimum of accuracy the PI for a given month, the minutes of delay that are not attributed to any IATA code reason should not exceed 40% of the total minutes of pre-departure delay observed at the airport.
Finally, to be able to produce the annual figure, at least 10 months of valid data is requested by EUROCONTROL.

Bucharest/Otopeni (LROP) had proper reporting before March 2020, but the share of unidentified delay rose well above 40% since the pandemic (preventing the calculation of this indicator) due to the special traffic composition. In the second half of 2021 the quality of the reporting improved but still not enough for the calculation, and in the beginning of 2022 has deteriorated again.

All causes pre-departure delay

The total (all causes) delay in the actual off block time at Bucharest/Otopeni increased in 2021 (LROP: 2020: 10.22 min/dep.; 2021: 12.45 min/dep.), with the highest delays observed in Summer.
According to the Romanian monitoring report: In 2021 departure delays at LROP were due to aerodrome capacity mainly during the summer season. ROMATSA and Bucharest Airports National Company continue to work together to ensure optimum capacity level at terminal level as this impacts the entire network. On one hand ROMATSA has implemented at Otopeni TWR a different ATM system with A-SMGCS component, composed of a surveillance subsystem (operational for over three years) and an electronic flight strips subsystem (transferred into operations on April 8th 2019 ), interfaced via OLDI with the System covering the rest of the ATS units. An upgrade to the system is planned for 2022-2023 to include Advance Tower Messaging.
There is in place also a common procedure between Bucharest Airports National Company and TWR Otopeni for repairing works periods on the manoeuvring area, ie pre-established alternative standard taxi routes;
According to EU Reg 255/2010 a common procedure regarding ATFM for the regulation of traffic in situations that may influence the airport’s capacity is in place.
Implementation of AMAN at Bucuresti TMA is foreseen also during RP3

 
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