• Home
  • SES view
  • State view
    • Austria
    • Belgium
    • Bulgaria
    • Croatia
    • Cyprus
    • Czech Republic
    • Denmark
    • Estonia
    • Finland
    • France
    • Germany
    • Greece
    • Hungary
    • Ireland
    • Italy
    • Latvia
    • Lithuania
    • Luxembourg
    • Malta
    • MUAC
    • Netherlands
    • Norway
    • Poland
    • Portugal
    • Romania
    • Slovakia
    • Slovenia
    • Spain
    • Sweden
    • Switzerland
  • NM View
  • Investments
    • SES RP3

    • Austria
    • Belgium
    • Bulgaria
    • Croatia
    • Cyprus
    • Czech Republic
    • Denmark
    • Estonia
    • Finland
    • France
    • Germany
    • Greece
    • Hungary
    • Ireland
    • Italy
    • Latvia
    • Lithuania
    • Luxembourg
    • Malta
    • MUAC
    • Netherlands
    • Norway
    • Poland
    • Portugal
    • Romania
    • Slovakia
    • Slovenia
    • Spain
    • Sweden
    • Switzerland
  • About
  • Download
  • Data Portal
  • Publications
    • Year report
      • RP3
      • 2024 ✓
      • 2023
      • 2022
      • 2021
      • 2020

    • Sweden
    • Overview
      • Contextual information
      • Traffic
      • Safety
      • Environment
      • Capacity
      • Cost-efficiency

    • Safety
      • PRB monitoring
      • EoSM
      • Safety occurrences
        • Runway incursions
        • Separation minima infringements
        • Occurrences reporting
      • ASDRS

    • Environment
      • PRB monitoring
      • En route performance
        • Horizontal flight efficiency
      • Terminal performance
        • AXOT & ASMA
        • CDO
      • CIV-MIL

    • Capacity
      • PRB monitoring
      • En route performance
        • En route ATFM delay
        • Other indicators
      • Terminal performance
        • Arrival ATFM delay
        • Other performance indicators

    • Cost-efficiency
      • PRB monitoring
      • En route CZ
        • Unit cost
        • AUCU
        • Regulatory Result
      • Terminal CZ
        • Unit cost
        • AUCU
        • Regulatory Result

    Cost-efficiency - Sweden

    Download Report

    Terminal charging zone

    Unit cost (KPI#1)

    Actual and determined data
    Total costs - nominal (M€) 2020-2021 2022 2023 2024
    Actual costs 46 21 26 3
    Determined costs 46 21 21 22
    Difference costs 0 0 5 -19
    Inflation assumptions 2020-2021 2022 2023 2024
    Determined inflation rate NA 4.8% 2.2% 1.7%
    Determined inflation index NA 112.4 114.9 116.9
    Actual inflation rate NA 8.1% 5.9% 2.0%
    Actual inflation index NA 116 122.8 125.3
    Difference inflation index (p.p.) NA +3.5 +7.9 +8.4
    Focus on unit cost

    AUC vs. DUC

    In 2024, the terminal AUC was -84.9% (or -1 077.06 SEK2017, -111.81 €2017) lower than the planned DUC. This results from the combination of significantly lower than planned terminal costs in real terms (-87.0%, or -156.8 MSEK2017, -16.3 M€2017) and significantly lower than planned TNSUs (-14.0%). It should be noted that the actual inflation index in 2024 was +8.4 p.p. higher than planned. If exceptional items were excluded, the AUC in 2024 would equal to 1571.02 SEK2017 and exceed planned DUC by +23.8%.

    Terminal service units

    The difference between actual and planned TNSUs (-14.0%) falls outside the ±10% threshold foreseen in the traffic risk sharing mechanism. The resulting loss of terminal revenues is therefore shared between the ANSP and the airspace users (see terminal Box 11).

    Terminal costs by entity

    Because of the reporting of these significant negative exceptional costs, LFV actual costs are much lower than planned (-124.2%, or -15.9 M€2017) as are the costs for the other ANSP (Swedavia, -7.3%, or -0.4 M€2017) while costs are higher for the NSA (+4.2%) and the MET service provider (+4.0%). Overall. actual real terminal costs are -87.0% (-16.3 M€2017) lower than planned but would be +6.5% (+1.2 M€2017) higher if exceptional costs were excluded.

    Terminal costs for the main ANSP at charging zone level

    Actual real en route costs for LFV are negative (-3.1 M€2017) due to the reporting of exceptional item costs as described above. If these costs were excluded, actual 2024 costs for LFV would exceed the plan by +12.4% (+1.6 M€2017).

    RP3 summary

    When considering the whole of RP3 (2020-2024) for Sweden terminal charging zone, actual TNSUs are -6.1% lower than planned, while actual costs in real terms are -14.4% lower than the determined costs (some -138.5 MSEK2017 or -14.4 M€2017). As a result, the weighted average actual unit cost over RP3 (1 791.17 SEK2017 or 185.94 €2017) is -8.8% lower than planned in the PP (1 965.02 SEK2017 or 203.99 €2017). However, if negative exceptional item costs were excluded, the actual costs would be +3.1% above determined (+29.9 M€2017) while resulting weighted average actual unit cost (2 157.78 SEK2017) would exceed the plan by +9.8%.

    Note 3: actual 2024 terminal costs for LFV are significantly affected by the reporting of negative exceptional item costs totalling -210.9 MSEK reflecting a “one-time effect on pension costs as a result of higher interest”, which will be reimbursed to airspace users through the costs exempt mechanism. Due to their magnitude, these exceptional costs significantly affect the calculations and analysis presented in this monitoring report for 2024 and the RP3 summary. For this reason, analysis in the text is also presented without considering these exceptional costs.

    Actual unit cost incurred by the users (AUCU) (PI#1)

    AUCU components (€/SU) – 2024
    Components of the AUCU in 2024 €/SU
    DUC 128.41
    Inflation adjustment 10.07
    Cost exempt from cost-sharing -135.45
    Traffic risk sharing adjustment 14.04
    Traffic adj. (costs not TRS) 0.49
    Finantial incentives 1.49
    Modulation of charges 0.00
    Cross-financing 0.00
    Other revenues -0.75
    Application of lower unit rate 0.00
    Total adjustments -110.11
    AUCU 18.30
    AUCU vs. DUC -85.7%
    Cost exempt from cost sharing by item - 2024 €'000 €/SU
    New and existing investments -316.8 -2.60
    Competent authorities and qualified entities costs 1.7 0.01
    Eurocontrol costs 0.0 0.00
    Pension costs -16,221.2 -132.87
    Interest on loans 0.0 0.00
    Changes in law 0.0 0.00
    Total cost exempt from cost risk sharing -16,536.3 -135.45
    Focus on AUCU

    The actual terminal unit cost incurred by airspace users (AUCU) in respect of activities performed in 2024 (209.10 SEK or 18.30 €) is -85.7% lower than the nominal DUC (1 466.93 SEK or 128.41 €). The difference between these two figures (-1 257.83 SEK/SU or -110.11 €/SU) is due to:
    - the positive inflation adjustment resulting from higher than planned inflation (+115.04 SEK/SU or +10.07 €/SU);
    - the impact of adjustments resulting from the costs exempted from cost sharing mechanism (-1 547.36 SEK/SU or -135.45 €/SU);
    - the addition of the traffic risk sharing adjustments (+160.42 SEK/SU or +14.04 €/SU);
    - the addition of the traffic adjustment (+5.57 SEK/SU or +0.49 €/SU) for the costs not subject to traffic risk sharing;
    - financial incentives (+17.02 SEK/SU or +1.49 €/SU); and
    - the deduction of other revenues (-8.51 SEK/SU or -0.75 €/SU).
    The share of the regulatory result (see items 10 to 14) in the AUCU (before the deduction of other revenues) is 9.3%.
    The calculation of AUCU is significantly affected by reporting of exceptional pension costs to be returned to the airspace users through the cost exempt mechanism (see Note 3 in terminal Box 4 for details). Should these costs be excluded from the calculation, the AUCU in 2024 would equal to 1 936.98 SEK or 159.56 € and would be +32.0% higher than the nominal DUC while the share of the regulatory result would amount to 1.0%.

    Regulatory result (RR)

    Focus on regulatory result

    LFV net gain/loss on activity in the Sweden terminal charging zone in the year 2024

    LFV reported a net gain of +1.6 MSEK, as a combination of a gain of +6.4 MSEK arising from the cost sharing mechanism, with a loss of -6.3 MSEK arising from the traffic risk sharing mechanism and a gain of +1.5 MSEK relating to financial incentives.

    LFV overall regulatory result (RR) for the terminal activity

    Ex-post, the overall RR taking into account the net gain from the terminal activity mentioned above (+1.6 MSEK) amounts to +1.6 MSEK (-4.3% of the terminal revenues), as the RoE for LFV has been set to zero. The resulting ex-post rate of return on equity is 9.1%.

    RP3 summary

    When considering the whole of RP3 (2020-2024), LFV generated a cumulative gain in respect of cost sharing of +14.4 MSEK, as actual total costs for RP3 were lower than planned. The traffic risk sharing mechanism generated a loss of -0.7 MSEK. Adding the loss of -1.4 MSEK to be retained by the ATSP in respect of financial incentives leads to an overall regulatory result of +12.3 MSEK, which corresponds to an average ex-post rate of return on equity of 14.4%.

     
    • © European Union, 2025

    • Disclaimer

    • Website published by EUROCONTROL for the European Commission