PRB monitoring
▪ ENAIRE exceeded the RP3 EoSM targets during the first year of RP3, achieving maturity level D in all five Management Objectives, and has remained on this high level since then. ENAIRE implemented a continuous monitoring process to ensure maintaining high safety performance.
▪ SKYWAY achieved the RP3 EoSM targets in 2023 with maturity level D on three of five Management Objectives, including Safety Risk Management. SKYWAY remained above target in 2024.
▪ Spain recorded an increase in the rate of separation minima infringements compared with 2023. The rate of runway incursions increased slightly between 2023 and 2024.
Effectiveness of Safety Management (EoSM) (KPI#1)
All five EoSM components of ENAIRE meet or exceed the RP3 target level. Maximum maturity level is maintained. All five EoSM components of SKYWAY meet, or exceed, the RP3 target level, with four questions below maximum maturity.
ENAIRE exceeded the RP3 EoSM targets during the first year of RP3, achieving maturity level D in all five Management Objectives, and has remained on this high level since then. This achievement was significantly better than planned, as ENAIRE planned to achieve the RP3 targets during the last year of the reference period, and only planned reaching maturity level D int Safety Risk Management.
ENAIRE implemented a continuous monitoring process to ensure the maintenance of the high-levels of safety performance.
SKYWAY achieved the RP3 EoSM targets in 2023, achieving maturity level D in three of the five Management Objectives, including Safety Risk Management. SKYWAY remained above target in 2024. Moreover, SKYWAY achieved the RP3 targets ahead of their plan as well as higher than planned maturity levels in two management objectives (Safety Policy and Objectives and Safety Promotion).
Safety occurrences
Rate of runway incursions (RIs) (PI#1)
| Rate of RIs per 100,000 airport movements - Spain |
| # |
Airport name |
APT movements |
Number of RI |
Rate RI per 100,000 |
| 1 |
Madrid - Barajas |
420,326 |
2 |
0.48 |
| 2 |
Barcelona |
348,050 |
8 |
2.30 |
| 3 |
Palma de Mallorca |
243,406 |
1 |
0.41 |
| 4 |
Málaga |
176,988 |
0 |
0.00 |
| 5 |
Gran Canaria |
144,137 |
3 |
2.08 |
| 6 |
Alicante |
118,579 |
4 |
3.37 |
| 7 |
Ibiza |
86,420 |
4 |
4.63 |
Spain recorded a rise in the number of occurrences at the Member State level, which caused the rate of RIs to increase compared with 2023. From the peak in 2021 and a decrease in the rate the following year, Spain has experienced an increasing rate of RIs since 2022. In 2024, the number of runway incursions increased to 314, the highest figure in the five-year period, being a17% increase compared to 2023. The rate has remained above the Union-wide average throughout RP3. Additionally, the rate of RIs with ANS contribution increased (>200%) from 2023 to 2024, significantly more than at Member State level.
In 2024, Spain reported occurrences based on occurrence classes A, B and C whereas, in previous years the RCS data classification was used. This may affect the comparison of rates in 2024 with previous years.
The NSA implemented measures to reduce the number of RIs. In February 2025, the proposal for a new action plan at the Barcelona-El Prat Tower (LEBL) was presented, with a series of measures to reduce this type of incidents. Moreover, measures have been planned for implementation in 2025 for airports in Alicante (LEAL) and Ibiza (LEIB), in line with the global action plan for the prevention of runway incursions (GAPPRI).
The NSA will supervise and oversee this implementation during the planned regulatory audits.
Rate of separation minima infringements (SMIs) (PI#2)
| Rate of SMI with ANS contribution per 100,000 flight hours |
| # |
ANSP |
Flight hours
|
Number of SMIs
|
Rate of SMI per 100,000 flight hours
|
% variation in rate of SMIs
|
| 2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
| 1 |
ENAIRE |
664,154 |
954,783 |
1,558,956 |
1,721,932 |
1,849,142 |
25 |
59 |
89 |
127 |
168 |
3.8 |
14.7 |
5.7 |
7.4 |
9.1 |
NA |
+290% |
-61% |
+29% |
+23% |
| 2 |
SKYWAY |
77,124 |
NA |
74,025 |
98,304 |
110,639 |
0 |
NA |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.0 |
NA |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
NA |
0% |
NA |
0% |
0% |
Throughout RP3, Spain recorded an increase in RIs at the Member State level, both in absolute numbers and in the rate. Since 2021, these increases are well above the Union-wide average. A similar trend has been recorded for the SMIs with ANS contribution reported by ENAIRE.
SKYWAY has not reported any SMI with ANS contribution throughout RP3.
In 2024, Spain reported occurrences based on occurrence classes A, B and C whereas, in previous years the RCS data classification was used. This may affect the comparison of rates in 2024 with previous years.
The NSA has implemented measures to address the increase of SMIs (action plan for the reduction of separation minima infringements in October 2022, and the action plan for speed adherence in the final approach to LEPA in July 2023). These measures are continued and complemented by further action plans (action plan in LECM-RUTA updated and activated in May 2024 for their mitigation, and several operational measures activated in the LECM TMA aimed at reducing the number of incidents in TMA). The effectiveness and the need for implementing further actions is monitored by the NSA.
Quality of occurences reporting
The number of occurrences reported at Member State level seems consistent with the occurrences reported at the ANSP level for SMIs and RIs.
Throughout RP3, Spain recorded a high number of RIs and SMIs. The rate of a Member State is significantly dependent on a number of factors like the reporting culture, the principles for determining safety impact, the use of automated safety data recording system, the operational environment, etc. In addition, the identification of occurrences that have an ATM/CNS contribution is not a straightforward exercise and is subject to interpretations and subjective judgement that can differ from one ANSP and NSA to another. Hence, any comparison of number of occurrences or the rate for one Member State with another Member State should be done with great caution.
Use of automated safety data recording system (ASDRS) (PI#3)
| Use of automated safety data recording system - 2024 |
| For RIs |
For SMIs |
| ✓ |
✓ |
Spain monitors safety performance using specific safety tools, including the automated safety data recording systems for the recording of SMIs.