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  1. Cost-efficiency
  • Year report
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  • Hungary
  • Overview
    • Contextual information
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  • Safety
    • PRB monitoring
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  • Environment
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • Horizontal flight efficiency
    • Terminal performance
      • AXOT & ASMA
      • CDO
    • CIV-MIL

  • Capacity
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • En route ATFM delay
      • Other indicators
    • Terminal performance
      • Arrival ATFM delay
      • Other performance indicators

  • Cost-efficiency
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route CZ
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result
    • Terminal CZ
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result

Cost-efficiency - Hungary

Download Report

PRB monitoring

▪ The 2020 actual service units (1,423K) were 54% lower than the actual service units in 2019 (3,124K).

▪ Hungary reduced total costs in 2020 by 9.4 M€2017 (-10%) compared to 2019 actual costs. The reduction is driven by a decrease in staff costs of 4.5 M€2017 (-9%) due to reduced benefits related to performance and a lower social contribution tax rate. Other operating costs also decreased notably of 4 M€2017 (-12%), due to postponement of ATCO trainings and less travels.

▪ Hungary decreased all cost categories except for depreciation. The increase of 1 M€2017 (+10%) in depreciation costs is explained by the NSA by changes in useful life, price increases due to exchange rate effect, upgrade of Matias ATM system and new IT devices.

▪ HungaroControl spent 24 M€2017 in 2020 related to costs of investments, 18% less than planned in the 2019 draft performance plan (29 M€2017). The reduction is explained by a lower cost of capital resulting from a lower asset base and WACC than originally planned.

En route charging zone

Unit cost (KPI#1)

Actual and determined data
Total costs - nominal (M€) 2020-2021 2022 2023 2024
Actual costs 191 NA NA NA
Determined costs 195 124 127 132
Difference costs −4 NA NA NA
Inflation assumptions 2020-2021 2022 2023 2024
Determined inflation rate NA 3.5% 3.3% 3.0%
Determined inflation index NA 118 121.9 125.5
Actual inflation rate NA NA NA NA
Actual inflation index NA NA NA NA
Difference inflation index (p.p.) NA NA NA NA
Focus on unit cost

AUC vs. DUC

In the combined year 2020-2021, the AUC was lower than planned in DUC (by -2.3%, or -408.66HUF2017, or -1.32€2017). This results from the lower than planned en route costs in real terms (by -2.3%, or -1,287.2 MHUF2017, or -4.2 M€2017).

En route service units

Actual total en route service units are in line with planned TSUs, as plan was presented in February 2022.

En route costs by entity

Actual real en route costs for 2020-2021 are -2.3% (-1 287.2 MHUF2017, or -4.2 M€2017) lower than planned. This result is driven by main ANSP, HungaroControl (-2.3%, or -3.6 M€2017), the MET service provider (-2.9%, or -0.1 M€2017) and NSA/EUROCONTROL costs (-2.5%, or -0.5 M€2017).

En route costs for the main ANSP at charging zone level

The lower than planned en route costs in real terms for HungaroControl in 2020-2021 (-2.3%, or -3.6 M€2017 lower) results from:
- lower staff costs (-4.1%), due to “decrease in headcount (mainly in non-ATCO business functions), restructuring of ATCO wage system (more traffic dependent), consequently savings in payroll taxes/contributions;”
- slightly higher other operating costs (+0.1%);
- lower depreciation (-0.7%), “due to assets placed in service later than planned, revision of some assets’ useful life;”
- higher cost of capital (+0.7%), due to increase in net current assets.

Actual unit cost incurred by the users (AUCU) (PI#1)

AUCU components (€/SU) – 2020-2021
Components of the AUCU in 2020-2021 €/SU
DUC 53.91
Inflation adjustment 0.30
Cost exempt from cost-sharing 0.68
Traffic risk sharing adjustment 0.00
Traffic adj. (costs not TRS) 0.00
Finantial incentives 0.00
Modulation of charges 0.00
Cross-financing 0.00
Other revenues −1.55
Application of lower unit rate 0.00
Total adjustments −0.57
AUCU 53.35
AUCU vs. DUC −1.1%
Cost exempt from cost sharing by item - 2020-2021 €'000 €/SU
New and existing investments 2,570.8 0.82
Competent authorities and qualified entities costs 235.7 0.07
Eurocontrol costs −651.6 −0.21
Pension costs 0.0 0.00
Interest on loans 0.0 0.00
Changes in law 0.0 0.00
Total cost exempt from cost risk sharing 2,154.9 0.68
Focus on AUCU

The actual en route unit cost incurred by airspace users (AUCU) in respect of activities performed in combined year 2020-2021 for Hungary en route charging zone (18 929.831HUF or 53.38€) is -1.0% lower than the nominal DUC (19,116.70HUF or 53.91€) which includes DUC initially charged: 12,121.09HUF (or 34.15€); and to be charged: 6,995.60HUF (or 19.76€). The difference between these two figures (-187.39HUF/SU or -0.54€/SU) is due to:
- the positive inflation adjustment resulting from higher than planned inflation (+105.86HUF/SU or +0.30€/SU);
- the deduction of the other revenues (-538.26HUF/SU or -1.52€/SU);
- the impact of adjustments resulting from the costs exempted from cost-sharing mechanism (+245.00HUF/SU or +0.68€/SU).

The share of regulatory result in the AUCU is 7.5%.

Regulatory result (RR)

Focus on regulatory result

HungaroControl net gain on en route activity in the Hungary charging zone in the combined year 2020-2021
HungaroControl’s net gain amounts to +6.2 M€, arising from the cost sharing mechanism.

HungaroControl overall regulatory results (RR) for the en route activity
Ex-post, the overall RR taking into account the net gain from the en route activity mentioned above (+6.2 M€) and the actual RoE (+6.6M€) amounts to +12.7 M€ (8.4% of the en route revenues). The resulting ex-post rate of return on equity is 9.9%, which is higher than the 5.1% planned in the PP.

 
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