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  1. Environment
  • Year report
    • 2025 ✓

    • RP3
      • 2024
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  • Hungary
  • Overview
    • Contextual information
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    • Cost-efficiency

  • Safety
    • PRB monitoring
    • EoSM
    • Safety occurrences
      • Runway incursions
      • Separation minima infringements

  • Environment
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • Flight efficiency
    • Terminal performance
      • AXOT, AXIT & ASMA
      • CDO/CCO
    • CIV-MIL

  • Capacity
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • En route ATFM delay
      • En route performance indicators at ACC level
      • Other information
    • Terminal performance
      • Arrival ATFM delay
      • Other performance indicators

  • Cost-efficiency
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route CZ
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result
    • Terminal CZ
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result

Environment - Hungary

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PRB monitoring

  • Hungary registered a KEA performance of 2.10% compared to its target of 2.10% and contributed positively towards achieving the Union-wide target.

  • KEP and KES improved marginally in comparison with 2024.

  • The average time in level flight during descent remained stable and during climb deteriorated (from 47.9s in 2024 to 52.6s in 2025).

  • VFE of the actual trajectory was 77.47%, which was better than the Union-wide average.

  • Additional taxi-out time was 2.53 min/flight and additional taxi-in time was 1.31 min/flight, and both remained stable compared to 2024.

  • Additional time in the arrival sequencing and metering area deteriorated marginally from 2.21 min/flight in 2024 to 2.30 min/flight in 2025.

En route performance

Horizontal flight efficiency of the actual trajectory (KEA) (KPI#1), of the last filed flight plan (KEP) (PI#1), shortest constrained route (KES) (PI#2) and vertical flight efficiency of the actual trajectory (VFE) (PI#3)

NoteFocus on en route performance

KEA

The absolute values of the indicator see an improvement with respect to both 2023 and 2024, and this true both for KEA indicator and the KEA corrected for the influence of the war in Ukraine. The values are 2.11% in 2023, 2.23% in 2024 and 2.10% in 2025 for KEA, and 1.36% for 2023, 1.44% for 2024 and 1.35% for 2025 for the corrected KEA.

The value for the KEA places Hungary as 10th best, and in the top 3 (3rd) for the corrected KEA.

In terms of contribution to the overall additional distance in the SES area, the value is 2.05% (16th).

Regarding the assessment of the achieved level of actual performance in the environment KPA, the NSA reports: “Based on the decision of the European Commission, during RP4 the impact of the Ukrainian Russian conflict was taken into account when setting the target for horizontal en-route flight efficiency. As a result of this, the Hungarian performance in the first year of RP4 fully met the established target.”

Regarding the implementation of major operational or structural changes during the calendar year impacting performance in this key performance area, the NSA reports: “Since Hungary is a member of one of the largest European FRA systems, SEE FRA, and furthermore has a cross-border FRA operational agreement in place with Austria, which is part of SECSI FRA, no new measures were required to achieve the established target.”

Regarding progress on the implementation of the measures committed to in the ERNIP, the NSA reports: “The cross border FRA operation between Hungary and Austria had been implemented in accordance with the ERNIP in fall 2024. The same kind of FRA operation with Croatia is planned for spring 2026, but the full merger of the SEE FRA and SECSI FRA is planned for 2029.”

KEP

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “The SEE FRA has reached its planned dimension in 2023, so this form of cooperation had not expanded further in 2025.

In accordance to ERNIP, the cross border FRA operation between SEE FRA and SECSI FRA systems will be gradually implemented and as part of this gradual implementation the cross border FRA operation between Hungary and Austria started in autumn 2024. With Croatia it will start in 2026 spring. The full merge of the SEE FRA and the SECSI FRA airspaces will be a very significant step for the entire European ATM network which is planned for 2029. The NSA plans to monitor the effectiveness of these steps through the evolution of horizontal flight efficiency.”

KES

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “The SEE FRA has reached its planned dimension in 2023, so this form of cooperation had not expanded further in 2025.

In accordance to ERNIP, the cross border FRA operation between SEE FRA and SECSI FRA systems will be gradually implemented and as part of this gradual implementation the cross border FRA operation between Hungary and Austria started in autumn 2024. With Croatia it will start in 2026 spring. The full merge of the SEE FRA and the SECSI FRA airspaces will be a very significant step for the entire European ATM network which is planned for 2029. The NSA plans to monitor the effectiveness of these steps through the evolution of horizontal flight efficiency.”

Vertical flight efficiency

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “At the initiative of HungaroControl, an international conference titled”Fly as you filed” was held in Budapest in January 2025, with the aim of ensuring adherence to the flight levels specified in flight plans. Its objective is to reduce the number of so-called intruder flights, thereby also improving vertical flight efficiency.

The NSA can monitor the effectiveness of this initiative by tracking the number and proportion of intruder flights.”

Terminal performance

Additional taxi-out time (AXOT) (PI#4), Additional taxi-in time (AXIT) (PI#5) & Arrival Sequencing and Metering Area (ASMA) time (PI#6)

Airport level
Airport
Additional taxi-out time (PI#4)
Additional ASMA time (PI#6)
Additional taxi-in time (PI#5)
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Budapest 2.53 NA NA NA NA 2.3 NA NA NA NA 1.31 NA NA NA NA
NoteFocus on AXOT, AXIT & ASMA

AXOT

The additional time in 2025 resulted in 2.53 min/dep, very close to the 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 2.60 min/dep (using the new methodology).

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of this indicator across Member States in 2025 was 3.61 min/dep.

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “In 2025, LHBP's traffic was at a record high, however despite this, the increase of this performance indicator did not cause delays, which is also due to the fact that Hungary was able to achieve significant capacity growth on the en-route side.

In order to improve the PI, continuous discussions are taking place with the airport owner on the development of the airport taxiway network.

The NSA intends to continue to monitor the development of this indicator by measuring delays.”

AXIT

The additional time in 2025 was equal to 1.31 min/arr.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of this indicator across Member States in 2025 was 1.71 min/arr.

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “In 2025, LHBP's traffic was at a record high, however despite of this no delays were registered due to additional taxi in time.

In order to improve this PI, continuous discussions are taking place with the airport owner on the development of the airport taxiway network.

The NSA intends to continue to monitor the development of this indicator by measuring delays.”

ASMA

The additional time in 2025 resulted in 2.30 min/arr, very close to 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 2.21 min/arr (using the new methodology).

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of this indicator across Member States in 2025 was 2.98 min/arr.

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “Budapest APP handles the bulk of LHBP arriving traffic according to CDO principles, so the deterioration in this indicator is the result of increased traffic. There were no delays at LHBP airport because of this in 2025.

Since the actual value of this PI is still acceptable, no additional initiatives are needed.

The NSA intends to continue to monitor the development of this indicator by measuring delays.”

Vertical flight efficiency of the descent (PI#7) and of the climb (PI#8)

NoteFocus on vertical flight efficiency of the descent and of the climb

Vertical flight efficiency of the descent

Compared to the overall RP4 average value (149.2 seconds per flight), average times flown level during descent are 5.3 seconds per flight higher in Hungary. Budapest (LHBP) has an average time flown level of 154.5 seconds per flight during descent.

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “The vertical flight efficiency for descent to LHBP starts already in the en route phase and continues within the Budapest TMA. Budapest APP handles the majority of the LHBP arriving traffic according to CDO principles.

Since this is a new PI, we are confident that the 2025 value will continue to improve in the RP4 years, and the NSA intends to monitor the development of this indicator by comparing the actual values.”

Vertical flight efficiency of the climb

Compared to the overall RP4 average value (34.8 seconds per flight), average times flown level during climb are 17.8 seconds per flight higher in Hungary. Budapest (LHBP) has an average time flown level of 52.6 seconds per flight during climb.

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “Ensuring continuous climb for flights departing from LHBP begins in Budapest TMA, which can be ensured by permits on SIDs with different routes than STARs. This continuous climb can be ensured up to the FIR border, where departures must be handed over at Flight levels according to LoAs with neighboring ACCs.

Since this is a new PI, we are confident that the 2025 value will continue to improve in the RP4 years and the NSA intends to monitor the development of this indicator by comparing the actual values.”

Airport level
Airport
Avg. duration in climb (PI#8)
Avg. duration in descent (PI#7)
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Budapest 52.6 NA NA NA NA 154.5 NA NA NA NA

Civil-Military dimension

NoteFocus on Civil-Military dimension

Effective use of reserved or segregated local airspace

HUNGARY reports a ratio of 57% - Total number of hours allocated & notified to NM: 13,336 - Total number of hours used: 7,646

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “Compared to the previous year, there were about 1000 hours less airspace bookings overall, but the efficiency practically did not change. Unfortunately due to the ongoing war in neighbouring Ukraine the special military airspaces, created to better respond to threats are still in use and continued to be activated on an ad hoc basis. The NSA continuously monitors the development of this PI by checking annual values.”

Rate of planning via available airspace structures

HUNGARY, reports that has no data available.

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “With the implementation of free route airspace in Hungary in 2015 all the ATS routes have been eliminated. Therefore, the entire CDR route concept has no meaning anymore in Hungary.”

Rate of using available airspace structures

HUNGARY, reports that has no data available.

Regarding initiatives implemented or planned that will improve this PI and how does the NSA intend on monitoring their effectiveness on performance, the NSA reports: “With the implementation of free route airspace in Hungary in 2015 all the ATS routes have been eliminated. Therefore, the entire CDR route concept has no meaning anymore in Hungary.”

 
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