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  1. Capacity
  • Year report
    • 2025 ✓

    • RP3
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  • France
  • Overview
    • Contextual information
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  • Safety
    • PRB monitoring
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    • Safety occurrences
      • Runway incursions
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  • Environment
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • Flight efficiency
    • Terminal performance
      • AXOT, AXIT & ASMA
      • CDO/CCO
    • CIV-MIL

  • Capacity
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • En route ATFM delay
      • En route performance indicators at ACC level
      • Other information
    • Terminal performance
      • Arrival ATFM delay
      • Other performance indicators

  • Cost-efficiency
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route CZ
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result
    • Terminal CZ - France Zone 1
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result
    • Terminal CZ - France Zone 2
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result

Capacity - France

Download Report

PRB monitoring

  • France registered 1.90 minutes of average en route ATFM delay per flight during 2025, which has been adjusted to 1.89 during the post-ops adjustment process, thus not achieving the local target value of 0.44. Delays in France increased by 0.50 minutes per flight year-on-year.

  • Delays were highest in July, with significant delays also recorded in May, June, August and September, mostly driven by ATC capacity and staffing as well as weather and disruptions.

  • The share of delayed flights with delays longer than 15 minutes in France decreased by -1 percentage points compared to 2024 and was lower than 2019 values.

  • Overall, the 2025 actual number of ATCOs in OPS across the five French ACCs was 1,379, which was 6% above the planned level (i.e. 1,299) by. The increase in the number of ATCOs, compared to the plan, was shared across all ACCs, with Bordeaux ACC being 12 FTE above the plan, Brest ACC 7 FTE, Marseille ACC 35 FTE, Paris ACC 21 FTE and Reims ACC 5 FTE.

  • The yearly total number of sector opening hours in France in 2025 was 380,264, -12% below the total sector opening hours recorded in 2024. Brest and Marseille ACCs were the main contributors to this reduction (-29% and -17% respectively). Paris, Bordeaux and Reims ACCs recorded a number of sector opening hours only slightly lower than 2024 (-3%, -2% and -1% respectively).

  • Brest and Reims ACCs recorded the highest ratio of IFR movements per sector opening hour in France in 2025, at 18.95 and 16.56 movements per sector opening hour respectively. Bordeaux, Marseille and Paris ACCs registered similar levels of IFR movements per sector opening hour, at 13.66, 13.44 and 13.69 respectively. In relative terms, IFR movements per sector opening hour increased significantly year-on-year for Brest and Marseille (+48% and +25%), while for the other three ACCs these remained relatively stable.

  • France registered an average airport arrival ATFM delay of 1.02 minutes per flight in 2025, thus not achieving the local target of 0.65 minutes. Compared to 2024, average arrival ATFM delays in France were 0.39 minutes per flight higher in 2025.

  • The main drivers of delays were ATC capacity, accounting for 0.33 of the total delays, and weather, responsible for 0.30.

En route performance

En route ATFM delay (KPI#1)

NoteFocus on en route ATFM delay

En route ATFM delay

  • France had 3,597k flights in 2025, up from 3,443k flights in 2024.

  • The French ANSP, DSNA, applied en route ATFM regulations resulting in 6,640k minutes of delay in 2025, a significant increase from the 4,737k minutes in 2024.

  • As part of the strategic traffic re-orientation programme (S25/NTDM) operated by the Network Manager, there were 17k minutes of en route ATFM delay reattributed to DSNA; 73k minutes of delay originating in France were re-attributed to other ANSPs.

  • Under the auspices of the Route Network (RN) Scenarios during Capacity & Weather Based Operations between June and September 2025, an additional 8k minutes of en route ATFM delay were re-attributed to DSNA – with 19k minutes of delay originating in France, being re-attributed to other ANSPs.

  • A further 10k minutes of delay were reattributed to DSNA due restrictions stemming from the 4-flight implementation onloading adjacent ANSPs.

  • Following the NM post operations re-attributions process, DSNA were responsible for 6,610k minutes of en route ATFM delay in 2025, a significant increase from the 4,709k minutes in 2024.

Regarding the reasons and circumstances resulting in the achieved level of actual performance of the en route ATFM delay per flight KPI, the NSA reports: “For DSNA, the main source of delay was the Marseille area, due to the reasons capacity and staffing followed by weather delay and some industrial action; severe convective weather during the summer season resulted in sustained and repeated capacity reductions. Traffic demand continued to increase in 2025, further amplifying the impact of weather-driven disruptions. Reims and Brest ACCs also contributed to the under performance due traffic increase, structural capacity limits (Reims ACC) and to the impact of the prepation of the implementation of 4-FLIGHT (ATCO training at Brest ACC).”

Regarding the description of the adjustments to the capacity plan included in adopted performance plan, the NSA reports: “For DSNA, NOP 2025-2029 was revised just before Summer, reducing planned capacity for Summer 2025.

NOP 2026 shows that bottlenecks are identified and that DSNA ACCs have delays forecast higher than their reference values and identifies remedial measures that will have to be implemented. In addition, some new measures are under examination resulting from the recommendations of an audit run by Eurocontrol and requested by the French NSA regarding Marseille ACC 2025 bad performance. Identification of quick wins for Summer 2026 will be done and additional mid/long terms remedial measures may be identified and inserted in the future updated versions of RP4 yearly NOP or rollling NOP.”

Regarding the identification and analysis by the NSA of the underlying reasons or circumstances having led to the performance target not being achieved, the NSA reports: “According to the French NSA analysis, the main reason in 2025 for delays are linked to:

- capacity and staffing issues in a first in a context of growing traffic (all French ACC have recovered 2019 traffic levels already in 2024, with additional increase in 2025 : the 8 highest traffic days ever where reached between 26th June and 1st August 2025 in France, with a peak 18th July with 11 963 IFR flights) and additional volatility, weather delays still very high in 2025, impact of industrial action (mainly for two days of strickes : 3rd &4th July 2025) even if limited by the benefits of the implementation since 2024 of a new law for ATC industrial action management (5% of 2025 all causes total delays);

- In particular delays have been exceptionnally high at Marseille ACC due to the combined effects of capacity and staffing issues (lack of ATCOs), severe weather and industrial action impact during the Summer period, social tension resulting from the local implementation of the new social agreement signed in May 2024. The under performance has been particularly strong in the East area of Marseille ACC, leading to the launching by the French NSA of an audit run by Eurocontrol;

- In addition Reims ACC the 2025 traffic increase since 2019 has been very high and the centre is also facing structural capacity issues: some Reims ACC elementary sectors are currently reaching their maximum capacity, which means that this has to be addressed not only with additional resources but through major structural changes (airspace redesign);

- It should also be noted that Brest ACC has also capacity and staffing issues due to the preparation of the implementation of the new ATM system 4-FLIGHT (training of ATCOs) and to the traffic increase.

Corrective and remedial measures were taken to address actual en route capacity underachievement, presented and discussed with the French NSA. The synthesis of these measures are presented below and detailed in a dedicated annex to this report (French capacity and environment remedial measures).

With regard to this 2025 underperformance, a financial penalty will be applied to DSNA and deducted from the 2027 cost base to reduce the 2027 en route unit rate. See the incentive section for the detailed calculation.”

Regarding recommendations to the ANSP to rectify the situation, the NSA reports: “A dedicated meeting has been organized with DSNA in order to gather both explanations and information about remedial measures already launched and identify potential additional measures that could be implemented by DSNA in 2026 and beyond to tackle non temporary capacity issues.

The following recommendations / course of actions have been discussed and agreed with DSNA:

- General remedial measures already identified, coordinated with the Network Manager and to be published in the NOP 2026-2029 for the 5 French ACC should be implemented as soon as possible;

- A set of specific remedial measures put in place by DSNA or already planned in 2025 to mitigate identified non temporary issues at the French ACCs have been presented and discussed with the French NSA and are listed in the table below and detailed in a dedicated annex to this report (French capacity and environment remedial measures): the French NSA will be kept informed by DSNA of their timely implementation, of the expected benefit and of any potential issue in the implementation plan, and a follow-up meeting will be organized 2nd Semester 2026;

- An analysis of potential risks on 2026 and beyond underperformance has been carried over and required potential remedial measures to address such a situation have been discussed and will also be closely monitored : in particular, the French NSA has launched in July 2025 an audit, run by Eurocontrol, regarding Marseille ACC 2025 under performance : the recommendations figuring in the final report will be analysed by the FR NSA and DSNA will be asked to provide feedback on potential quick-wins (in particular for Summer 2026), feasibility, implementation timeline and potential extention to other DSNA ACCs.

A synthesis of all those remedial measures are presented below and detailed in the annex to this report already mentioned above.”

Regarding remedial measures that have been / will be taken by the ANSP to rectify the situation, the NSA reports: “Main remedial measures already identified and under implementation by DSNA to remedy the current capacity result from the implementation of the DSNA 2030 Strategy, the new social agreement signed in May 2024, the potential outcome of the audit launched in July 2025 by the French NSA on Marseille ACC 2025 underperformance run by Eurocontrol.

Those remedial measures mainly consist of:

- the implementation of new densified rostering schemes,

- the finalization of the implementation of 4-FLIGHT, the new DSNA ATM system in the 2 remaining ACCs (Brest and Bordeaux),

- changes in ATCO initial and continuing training, transfer of sector FL 115-195 from ACCs to APPs,

- implementation of the new social agreement (including massive ATCO recruitment plan),

- new pretactical processes to address meteorological adverse conditions and reduce MET delays,

- new law on industrial action management, implementation of dedicated systems providing nominative means of recording the presence of controllers on premises and at the CWP,

- major French upper airspace redesign, identification of measures resulting from the recommendations provided in the Eurocontrol audit report on Marseille ACC underperformance (including quick-wins for Summer 2026).

These measures are detailed in the dedicated annex attached to this report (French capacity and environment remedial measures).”

Regarding follow up of the remedial measures indicated in the previous monitoring report(s), the NSA reports: “The French NSA is kept informed of any development related to the implementation of capacity and environment remedial and corrective measures. In particular:

- A follow-up meeting has been organized by the French NSA with DSNA operational directorate in May 2025 to check the implementation of the previous remedial measures;

- The French NSA has been invited to the yearly DSNA strategic users' consultation meetings held in 2025 (2) and in May 2026 which include an update on all strategic and operational measures taken by DSNA to improve capacity and environment performances, prepare Summer season and on the investment program;

- The French NSA is also involved in the capacity planning process run by the Network Manager together with DSNA during Winter 2025/2026 in order to prepare the updated 2026-2029 European Network Operations Plan;

- According to the French NSA review, all remedial measures indicated in the previous monitoring report have been implemented or are under implementation for mid/long terms ones. In addition, an additional action has been decided during Summer 2025 by the French NSA to launch an audit (run by Eurocontrol) on 2025 Marseille ACC underperformance.”

En route capacity incentive scheme

The FABEC NSAs report that, because the overall FABEC capacity incentive target was missed, no FABEC ANSP could be eligible for a bonus. However, financial penalties could still be imposed.

For DSNA, the local incentive target for en route ATFM delays, due to CRSTMP causes only, was set at 0.28 mins/flight, (with a deadband of +/- 0.045 mins).

The FABEC NSAs report an achieved CRSTMP performance, for DSNA, of 1.38 mins/flight using data from the ansperformance.eu dashboard including post ops adjustments. [NB The attribution of original delay causes on the ansperformance.eu dashboard is unverified.]

Subsequently, DSNA is liable for a financial penalty of € 6,889,117 for its 2025 en route capacity performance.

En route performance indicators at ACC level (PI#4-5)

NoteFocus en route performance indicators at ACC level

Percentage of total en route ATFM delay that occurred on days when the daily throughput was above the expected daily traffic

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “Even if this PI has been introduced for RP4, Particularly during Spring 2025, Brest ACC saw an actual trafic higher than what was expected in the NOP.

To be noted for Reims ACC, the trafic figures have been influenced by the alignment of the border at the interface with MUAC. The project was planned but the effect itself on the traffic counts was not expected in the NOP.”

Annual weighted average of the daily peak throughput

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “Even if this PI has been introduced for RP4, compared with 2024 available values, 2025 calculation shows an improvement for LFBB (+2%), LFMM( +3%), LFRR (+5%) and LFFF(+5%). The values for LFEE (-6%) are influenced by the alignment of the border at the interface with MUAC which had an impact on the trafic counts.”

Other en route information

NoteFocus on other en route information

ATCOs in operations

As additional comments to ATCOs in the scope of the performance scheme, the NSA reports: “It is well understood that ATCO hiring and assignment is one of the major driver for current capacity and staffing issues solving. Nevertheless, DSNA considers that they cannot be considered as a commitment due to the high level of uncertainties related to such ATCO recruitment plans management. These figures, even when provided on annual basis, can only be regarded as snapshot information, i.e. a situation at one point in time which does not guarantee a realistic view throughout the entire duration of RP4: technically the ATCO planning is and will always be subject to change. In addition, for ANSPs having more than one national ACC, ATCO hiring plan are managed at ANSP level but changes in traffic volumes or flows and volatility or local human ressources factors can influence the assignment to different ACCs and the details of the planned evolution of ATCO numbers can also be socially sensitive.

There are many factors with a high level of uncertainty that have an impact on the ATCO planning: first of all there are classical uncertainty factors of general staff planning like the actual rate of retirement, the absence rate of employees, as well as maternity and parent leave. Moreover, ATCOs mobility has become a severe issue recently, leading to high rate of unforeseen leaves.

Another factor which cannot be significantly mitigated further impacting the availability of ATCOs is the number of suitable applicants, the failure rate of the theoretical training at the academies and the success rate during the on-the-job training phases of trainees.

The final retirement age is set by law, but ANSPs can only assume a certain amount of people opting out/in. It is common culture now that companies offer varying working hours to enable employees to adjust their work to different phases of their life. Again, ANSPs can only assume a certain amount of people opting in/out. On top of all that, future social agreements will significantly determine the ATCO availability per person and by that the total available FTE.

Any benchmarking should also consider that the demographic situation can also evolve and might require to hire to an extent not aligned to the traffic demand. FTE refers to a different amount of working time per year/ANSP and are not harmonised among ANSPs but are subject to national laws and labour regulations.

It should also be noted that some social agreements regarding numbers of additional ATCO to be recruited during RP4 and working conditions (salaries, extra hours, rostering) could be renegociated after the submission of this FABEC performance plan. Outcomes of such negotiations will have an impact on those values.

In addition, it should be noted that DSNA and the French NSA are currently working on an update of the methodology used to compute these ATCO in OPS FTE values for RP4 monitoring, especially ATCO in OPS at APP/TWR and on other duties, which individual monitoring is quite new and still needs to be finetuned and harmonized.

DSNA ongoing plan is to reduce and consolidate the number of APP, reducing the number of ATCO in OPS at APP and priotize ACC assignment for ATCOs during RP4.”

“As planned, during RP3 and along RP4, DSNA strategy is to recruit and train as much ATCO as possible fo fill the staffing gap at ACCs and also to consolidate and reduce the number of APP centres in order to reduce ATCO in OPS at APP and reassign them to ACCs where and when possible.

2025 ATCO in OPS values are increasing.”

Regarding the training process, including details on the effective failure rate and the process used to allocate newly qualified ATCOs between ACC, APP and TWR positions, the NSA reports: “The training process is organized as follows :

- 2 years for the initial training,

- 3 years in average at the unit training (with an objectif to come to 2 years unit training in 2027).

During the two years initial training, ATCOs will get Tower, Approach and Area Licenseing for both procedural and radar qualifications. (ADC, APP, APS, ACP, ACS). They are then liable to work in every control center DSNA has in charge.

Initial Training is sub-contracted to a Training Organisation called ENAC in Toulouse (French school). DSNA takes an important part in this initial Training since ATCOs from DSNA (60 in 2024) are dedicated to work as instructors for the school and DSNA is also participated in handling the examination for ratings.

Once they finish school and initial training, ATCOs are dedicated to one ATC unit and 90% of them go to ACCs or biggest Airport units (Roissy, Orly, Nice, ...), when 10% go to units with human resource shortage.

In Airports units, when ATCOs are qualified in TOWER positions, they work on their own on these sectors half time while still on unit training for approach, before having their full unit training enabling them to work both approach and tower.

The DSNA average failure rate is around 8% amongst the population who started inital training till full unit training. It is around 9% if only unit training is considered.

Since ATCOs leave ENAC school with all ratings on their licence, DSNA offers to people failing their unit training in ACCs or biggest airports a chance to qualify in regional airport.”

Terminal performance

Arrival ATFM delay (KPI#2)

NoteFocus on arrival ATFM delay

Arrival ATFM delay

Average ATFM arrival delay in France was 1.02 min/arr in 2025, the first year of RP4. The performance has worsened compared to 2024, last year of RP3, when there were 0.63 min/arr.

The national average is primarily driven by delays at Nice airport, which suffered 4.12 min/arr compared to 1.71 min/arr in 2024, an increase over 140% due to staffing and capacity-demand balancing issues. Nice presents the third highest ATFM Arrival delay across RP4 airports.

Other main airports presented results close to ~1 min/arr: Paris – Charles de Gaulle (0.93 min/arr compared to 0.32 min/arr in 2024), Paris-Orly (0.90 compared to 1.38 min/arr in 2024), Marseille (1.36 min/arr compared to 0.50 min/arr in 2024) and Toulouse (0.78 min/arr compared to 0.39 min/arr in 2024).

Lyon showed almost no delay (0.01 min/arr) and the average for the remaining 48 airports was 0.51 min/arr.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of ATFM Arrival delay across Member States in 2025 was 0.97 min/arr.

Regarding the reasons and circumstances resulting in the achieved level of actual performance of the arrival ATFM delay per flight KPI, the NSA reports: “2025 underperformance is due to the combination of locally significant traffic (2025 French is now often well above 2019 levels at many French airports), understaffing (CDG, Nice, Basel, Toulouse, Bordeaux, etc.) and the MET impact.

In particular, regarding main airports having underperformed against their indicative breakdown values, in addition to understaffing concerns, the following concerns have been noted in 2025:

- Charles-de-Gaulle airport: +0.73min/flt above the indicative breakdown value. The delays in CDG in 2025 were mainly due to Weather (56%) which was particularly impacting during Q4 2025 and Aerodrome Capacity outside of ATC (26%) followed by ATC Staffing (10%).

- Nice airport : +2.32main/flts above the indicative breakdown value. The delays in 2025 are due to a combination of a lack of staffing or flexibility regarding the rosters and an imbalance between the capacity and the demand mainly due to BA/GA traffic slot management during commercial peak hours. In addiciotn, beyond the strong recovery in traffic and staffing issues and despite the implementation of adapted rostering and the modification of airport coordination parameters in the middle of Summer, it is also necessary to take into account, even if the impact on airport capacity has been limited, the precautionary safety limitation measures implemented following the serious incident of September 21, for which an investigation is still underway.

- Marseille airport: +0.76mn/flt above the indicative breakdown value. The delays in 2025 are mainly due to a technical issue with the ground radar during Q4 and the preparation for the new APP ops room that opened early 2026. These events are responsible for around 70% of the total delay.

These measures stipulate, for example, that in a dual-runway configuration, at night, and possibly when runway lighting must be activated during the day due to low visibility, only precision approach procedures may be used. In particular, procedures RNP A and D, which normally aim to avoid urban areas, are prohibited.

Regarding some local staffing issues, it should be recalled that, during the previous years, in order to address the en route staffing and capacity issues due to ATCO shortages in some DSNA ACCs, priority has been given to recruiting, training and assigning staff to the 5 French ACCs. In that context, some DSNA approaches and towers are now progressively also experiencing locally staff shortages.”

Regarding the identification and analysis by the NSA of the underlying reasons or circumstances having led to the performance target not being achieved, the NSA reports: “See above”

Regarding recommendations to the ANSP to rectify the situation, the NSA reports: “A dedicated meeting has been organized with DSNA in order to gather both explanations and information about remedial measures already launched and identify potential additional measures that could be implemented by DSNA in 2026 and beyond to tackle non temporary capacity issues.

The following recommendations / course of actions have been discussed and agreed with DSNA:

- General remedial measures already identified;

- A set of specific remedial measures put in place by DSNA or already planned in 2025 to mitigate identified non temporary issues at the French airports have been presented and discussed with the French NSA and are listed in the table below : the French NSA will be kept informed by DSNA of their timely implementation, of the expected benefit and of any potential issue in the implementation plan, and a follow-up meeting will be organized 2nd Semester 2026;

A synthesis of all those remedial measures are presented below and detailed in the annex to this report already mentioned above.”

Regarding remedial measures that have been / will be taken by the ANSP to rectify the situation, the NSA reports: “Main remedial measures already identified and under implementation by DSNA to remedy the current capacity result from the implementation of the DSNA 2030 Strategy and the new social agreement signed in May 2024.

Those remedial measures consist of :

- A territorial organization of control units in the lower airspace : in order to reduce the duration of training and to reinforce the capacity of DSNA ACCs, the sectors dealing with flights between flight levels 115 and 195 will be progressively transferred to APP units ; at the same time a consolidation plan of APP units is ongoing with the objective to reduce their number ; in addition, in order to optimise the work of ATCOs at APP units by refocusing on the core business, 2 Flight Information Centres (North and South) will by created to provide Flight Information Services within about 20 flight information sectors instead of 50 at present and armed by dedicated DSNA FIS Officers instead of ATCOs ; regarding TWR control, DSNA ATC services will be closed and AFIS services provided by airports operators will progressively be implemented at 6 small airports as from 2028.

- The implementation of the new social agreement signed in May 2024 : it includes new organization of services, staffing levels and recruitments, additional flexibility of rostering schemes, updated assugnement policy for ACCs and APPs etc.

- The implementaiton of new densified rostering scheme : possibility of using options that are activated according to the local context of balance between traffic demand and capacity : densified rostering at certain time of the year, additional densified rostering for specific weekdays during the densification period, flexible shift hours for a fixed number of days, addional limitation of leave entitlement during traffic peak periods : flexibility measures applied as follown :

- Option 1 : LFKJ, LFMN, LFBO, LFPO, LFPG, LFMT, LFML, LFLL, TFFF, TFFR

- Option 1+ : LFMN, LFPG, LFML

- Option 2bis : LFSB, LFLL, LFML, LFMT, LFRS, LFMN, LFST, LFPB, LFBO, LFBD, LFPO

- Option 3-2 : LFMN, LFKJ, LFKB

- The implementation of new ATM systems at major airports : iATS (Orly new ATC system) the safety study validated by the NCA for planned operationnal assessment phases 1 & 2 allows the current operational use with positive feedback; regarding SYSAT G2 (new ATC system for regional airports): planned implementation of TWR ASMGCS/EFS in Nice 2027, Marseilles/Lyon 2028, Bâle/Toulouse 2029. Next phases for TWR EFS in Bordeaux by 2031, Strasbourg/Montpellier by 2032, Lille/Nantes by 2033, Ajaccio/Bastia by 2034. Nice APP EFS is expected to be deployed by 2033 as well.

- A new law on industrial action management in France : two days notice for ATCO and minimum services have been redefined wrt the number of sectors / services operated and a scope update of the ACC and airports concerned will be implemented as from begining of 2024. New procedures for industrial action management have been introduced and minimum service rules updated.This implementation should limit the number of industrial actions and reduce their impact on airspace users.

- The implementation of dedicated systems providing nominative means of recording the presence of controllers on premises and at the CWP.

- Regarding the airports already mentioned regarding their underperformance when compared to their indicative breakdown values : for all these units, additional flexibility measures are introduced to improve sectors offer in particular early morning and evening and better slot management thanks to airport CDM regarding the Business Jet slots. Staffing issues are also addressed on the longer term (for example at Nice airport).

Regarding 2026, airport work both at LFPO (with a runway closure) and LFPG in the morning will have an impact on the performance.”

Regarding follow up of the remedial measures indicated in the previous monitoring report(s), the NSA reports: “Regarding France and DSNA:

The French NSA is kept informed of any development related to the implementation of capacity and environment remedial and corrective measures. In particular:

- A follow-up meeting has been organized by the French NSA with DSNA operational directorate in May 2025 to check the implementation of the previous remedial measures;

- The French NSA has been invited to the yearly DSNA strategic users' consultation meetings held in 2025 (2) and in May 2026 which include an update on all strategic and operational measures taken by DSNA to improve capacity and environment performances, prepare Summer season and on the investment program;

- According to the NSA review, all remedial measures indicated in the previous monitoring report have been implemented or are under immplementation for mid/long terms ones. In addition, an additional action has been decided during Summer 2025 by the French NSA to launch an audit (run by Eurocontrol) on 2025 Marseille ACC underperformance.”

Terminal capacity incentive scheme

In the first year of RP4, with an ATFM arrival delay of 1.02 min/arr, France did not achieve the national target of 0.65 min/arr. However, the pivot value for incentives (0.29 min/arr) is limited to CRSTMP delay causes. As CRSTMP delay of 0.58 min/arr falls beyond the malus sliding range for the incentive scheme, maximum penalty of 0.5% applies. As such, the NSA calculates a penalty of EUR 1,289,894.83.

Other terminal performance indicators (PI#1-3)

Airport level
Airport name
Avg arrival ATFM delay (KPI#2)
Slot adherence (PI#1)
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Ajaccio-Napoléon-Bonaparte 0.04 NA NA NA NA 90.2% NA NA NA NA
Albert-Bray 0.00 NA NA NA NA 86.4% NA NA NA NA
Annecy-Meythet 0.36 NA NA NA NA 88.9% NA NA NA NA
Avignon-Caumont 1.36 NA NA NA NA 90.4% NA NA NA NA
Bastia-Poretta 0.01 NA NA NA NA 88.3% NA NA NA NA
Beauvais-Tillé 0.40 NA NA NA NA 88.6% NA NA NA NA
Bergerac-Dordogne-Périgord 0.00 NA NA NA NA 90.9% NA NA NA NA
Biarritz-Pays Basque 0.00 NA NA NA NA 92.0% NA NA NA NA
Bordeaux-Mérignac 0.89 NA NA NA NA 92.4% NA NA NA NA
Brest-Bretagne 0.00 NA NA NA NA 90.1% NA NA NA NA
Brive-Souillac 0.00 NA NA NA NA 84.6% NA NA NA NA
Bâle-Mulhouse 0.03 NA NA NA NA 92.9% NA NA NA NA
Béziers-Vias 0.00 NA NA NA NA 80.7% NA NA NA NA
Caen-Carpiquet 0.09 NA NA NA NA 92.0% NA NA NA NA
Calvi-Sainte-Catherine 0.07 NA NA NA NA 92.8% NA NA NA NA
Cannes-Mandelieu 3.08 NA NA NA NA 96.6% NA NA NA NA
Carcassonne-Salvaza 0.00 NA NA NA NA 86.8% NA NA NA NA
Chambéry-Aix-les-Bains 1.04 NA NA NA NA 83.6% NA NA NA NA
Châlons-Vatry 0.00 NA NA NA NA 74.1% NA NA NA NA
Châteauroux-Déols 0.00 NA NA NA NA 90.9% NA NA NA NA
Clermont-Ferrand-Auvergne 0.00 NA NA NA NA 86.5% NA NA NA NA
Deauville-Normandie 0.22 NA NA NA NA 89.7% NA NA NA NA
Dôle-Tavaux 0.00 NA NA NA NA 89.2% NA NA NA NA
Figari-Sud Corse 0.30 NA NA NA NA 93.2% NA NA NA NA
Grenoble-Alpes-Isère 1.21 NA NA NA NA 87.5% NA NA NA NA
Hyères-Le Palyvestre 0.70 NA NA NA NA 89.4% NA NA NA NA
Istres-Le-Tubé 0.00 NA NA NA NA 84.0% NA NA NA NA
La Rochelle-Ile de Ré 0.00 NA NA NA NA 89.7% NA NA NA NA
Lille-Lesquin 0.01 NA NA NA NA 92.1% NA NA NA NA
Limoges-Bellegarde 0.02 NA NA NA NA 80.1% NA NA NA NA
Lorient-Lann Bihoué 0.00 NA NA NA NA 88.9% NA NA NA NA
Lyon-Bron 0.00 NA NA NA NA 86.2% NA NA NA NA
Lyon-Saint-Exupéry 0.01 NA NA NA NA 89.1% NA NA NA NA
Marseille 1.36 NA NA NA NA 86.8% NA NA NA NA
Metz-Nancy-Lorraine 0.17 NA NA NA NA 83.9% NA NA NA NA
Montpellier-Méditerranée 0.01 NA NA NA NA 88.4% NA NA NA NA
Nantes-Atlantique 0.51 NA NA NA NA 95.8% NA NA NA NA
Nice 4.12 NA NA NA NA 87.5% NA NA NA NA
Nîmes-Garons 0.12 NA NA NA NA 86.3% NA NA NA NA
Paris Charles de Gaulle 0.93 NA NA NA NA 95.3% NA NA NA NA
Paris Orly 0.90 NA NA NA NA 93.4% NA NA NA NA
Paris-Le Bourget 1.49 NA NA NA NA 97.5% NA NA NA NA
Pau-Pyrénées 0.00 NA NA NA NA 88.5% NA NA NA NA
Perpignan-Rivesaltes 0.07 NA NA NA NA 87.1% NA NA NA NA
Poitiers-Biard 0.02 NA NA NA NA 81.6% NA NA NA NA
Quimper-Pluguffan 0.00 NA NA NA NA 92.6% NA NA NA NA
Rennes-Saint-Jacques 0.00 NA NA NA NA 92.4% NA NA NA NA
Rodez-Aveyron 0.00 NA NA NA NA 89.4% NA NA NA NA
Saint-Nazaire-Montoir 0.00 NA NA NA NA 97.4% NA NA NA NA
Strasbourg-Entzheim 0.21 NA NA NA NA 89.2% NA NA NA NA
Tarbes-Lourdes Pyrénées 0.20 NA NA NA NA 91.5% NA NA NA NA
Toulouse-Blagnac 0.78 NA NA NA NA 93.3% NA NA NA NA
Tours-Val de Loire 0.21 NA NA NA NA 72.6% NA NA NA NA
Toussus-le-Noble 2.87 NA NA NA NA 89.7% NA NA NA NA
Airport name
ATC pre departure delay (PI#2)
All causes pre departure delay (PI#3)
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Marseille 0.27 NA NA NA NA 18.97 NA NA NA NA
Nice 0.56 NA NA NA NA 22.14 NA NA NA NA
Paris Charles de Gaulle NA NA NA NA NA 19.52 NA NA NA NA
Paris Orly 0.60 NA NA NA NA 16.19 NA NA NA NA
NoteFocus on other terminal performance indicators

ATFM slot adherence

ATFM slot adherence in 2025 was equal to 91.7%, very close to 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 91.2%. With regard to the 8.3% of flights that did not adhere, 4.7% were early and 3.6% were late.

Although the regulatory requirement is to have a slot adherence above 80%, most of the airports above 20,000 IFR departures showed adherence above 90%; only Nice, Marseille and Lyon present values between 85% and 90%. All airports with traffic up to 20,000 IFR departures (including Paris Beauvais) showed a 100% adherence.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of ATFM slot adherence across Member States in 2025 was 96.3%.

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “All reported airports are in line with the requirements. The PI is still progressing of +0,5% in 2025, overall and particularly at LFPO (+3,3%), LFBO (+3%), LFML (+2,5%), LFLL (+1,3%). However LFPG (-0,6%) and LFMN (-0,4%) saw a slight deterioration. DSNA and its units monitor the CTOT compliance in real time thanks to CDM@DSNA website.”

ATC pre-departure delay

Paris – Charles de Gaulle, Paris – Orly, Nice and Marseille are the only French airports subject to the monitoring of this indicator.

The share of unidentified delay reported by Paris - Charles de Gaulle was above 40% for more than 2 months in the year during the entire RP3, preventing the calculation of this indicator for this airport.

Delay in Paris – Orly in 2025 decreased to 0.60 min/dep, 21% lower than 2024 value– last year of RP3 – of 0.76 min/dep.

Delay in Nice in 2025 was equal to 0.56 min/dep, very close to 2024 value– last year of RP3 – of 0.59 min/dep.

Delay in Marseille in 2025 was equal to 0.27 min/dep, very close to 2024 value– last year of RP3 – of 0.21 min/dep.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of ATC pre-departure delay across Member States and for which enough data is available in 2025 was 0.74 min/dep.

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “Performance evolution is linked with the overall traffic evolution and general ATC terminal performance. In 2025, the situation impoved at LFPO, and LFMN despite their respective delay situation.”

Regarding the absence of data at airport level, the NSA reports: “In 2025, again the quality threshold for unidentified delays has not reached the 50% quality threshold at Roissy Charles de Gaulle airport to validate the 2025 data flow, the 1st condition for publication. This airport currently mainly uses the code [ZZZ], which indicates that ATCOs have not always the information about the origin of the various delays. This situation has still to be examined in detail with the ad-hoc airport and DSNA experts in order to find a solution to fix this recurrent issue for RP4.”

All causes pre-departure delay

Paris – Charles de Gaulle, Paris – Orly, Nice and Marseille are the only French airports subject to the monitoring of this indicator.

Delay in Paris – Charles de Gaulle in 2025 decreased to 19.52 min/dep, 5% lower than 2024 value– last year of RP3 – of 20.60 min/dep.

Delay in Paris – Orly in 2025 decreased to 16.19 min/dep, 14% lower than 2024 value– last year of RP3 – of 18.74 min/dep.

Delay in Nice in 2025 increased to 22.14 min/dep, 9% higher than 2024 value– last year of RP3 – of 20.22 min/dep. Nice had the second highest departure delay from all causes among RP4 airports.

Delay in Marseille in 2025 was equal to 18.97 min/dep, very close to 2024 value– last year of RP3 – of 18.88 min/dep.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of all causes pre-departure delay across Member States in 2025 was 16.47 min/dep.

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “Regarding ATC part of the delays and related corrective measures, please do refer to 2.3.1.B. KPI#2.

The values reflect the difficulties encountered in LFMN last year mainly due to staffing issues.

LFPG (-1,08) and LFPO (-2,55) improved.”

Regarding the absence of data at airport level, the NSA reports: “All cause departure delay is very generic and ATFM delay is only a small contributor. Departure delay can be generated by ATFM en-route delay (not only local airport, but the complete Network) but also reactionary and turnaround delay, technical issues with the aircraft, airport operations, problems with passengers and or luggage, etc. In other words, it is not always possible to address a specific reason as this delay is quite generic. It would be more interesting to check the overall ANSP share against the share of the other network stakeholders (airports and AOs) and also show the weather induced subshare.”

 
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