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  1. Capacity
  • Year report
    • 2025 ✓

    • RP3
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  • Italy
  • Overview
    • Contextual information
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  • Safety
    • PRB monitoring
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    • Safety occurrences
      • Runway incursions
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  • Environment
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    • En route performance
      • Flight efficiency
    • Terminal performance
      • AXOT, AXIT & ASMA
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    • CIV-MIL

  • Capacity
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route performance
      • En route ATFM delay
      • En route performance indicators at ACC level
      • Other information
    • Terminal performance
      • Arrival ATFM delay
      • Other performance indicators

  • Cost-efficiency
    • PRB monitoring
    • En route CZ
      • Unit cost
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    • Terminal CZ - Italy Zone 1
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result
    • Terminal CZ - Italy Zone 2
      • Unit cost
      • AUCU
      • Regulatory Result

Capacity - Italy

Download Report

PRB monitoring

  • Italy registered 0.08 minutes of average en route ATFM delay per flight during 2025, which has been adjusted to 0.07 during the post-ops adjustment process, thus achieving the local target value of 0.28. Delays in Italy decreased by -0.65 minutes per flight year-on-year.

  • Delays were highest in June, July and August, mostly driven by weather.

  • The share of delayed flights with delays longer than 15 minutes in Italy increased by 17 percentage points compared to 2024.

  • The actual number of ATCOs in OPS in Italy was 918 FTEs, -2.5% or -24 FTEs below the planned level. The actual number of ATCOs in OPS was in line with the planned number for Brindisi and Rome ACCs (82 FTE and 328 FTE respectively). At Milano ACC, the actual number of ATCO FTEs was 301, -11 FTE below the plan; at Padova ACC, the actual number of ATCO FTEs was 207, -13 FTE below the plan.

  • The yearly total of sector opening hours in Brindisi ACC was 19,975, showing a -16% decrease compared to 2024. For Milano ACC, the yearly total of sector opening hours increased by 10%, to 103,518 in 2025. The yearly total of sector opening hours in Padova ACC was 64,545, in line with the 2024 value. Finally, the total sector opening hours in Rome ACC increased to 121,415, +3% compared to 2024.

  • Brindisi ACC registered 19.22 IFR movements per sector opening hour in 2025 +13% above the value recorded in 2024. For Milano ACC the number of IFR movements per sector opening hour in 2025 (10.41) reduced by -4% compared to 2024. Padova ACC registered 13.85 IFR movements per sector opening hour in 2025 while Rome ACC registered 9.37 IFR movements per sector opening hour in 2025. For both ACCs the ratio of IFR movements per sector opening hour increased compared to 2024 (+6% and+4% respectively).

  • Italy registered an average airport arrival ATFM delay of 0.29 minutes per flight in 2025, thus achieving the local target of 0.35 minutes. Compared to 2024, average arrival ATFM delays in Italy were 0.01 minutes per flight higher in 2025.

  • The main drivers of delays were other non-ATC causes, accounting for 0.15 of the total delays, and weather, responsible for 0.09.

En route performance

En route ATFM delay (KPI#1)

NoteFocus on en route ATFM delay

En route ATFM delay

  • Italy had 2,298k flights in 2025, up from 2,164k flights in 2024.

  • ENAV applied en route ATFM regulations resulting in 166k minutes of delay, a significant reduction from the 1,495k minutes in 2024.

  • As part of the strategic traffic re-orientation programme (S25/NTDM) operated by the Network Manager, 12k minutes of delay originating in Italy were re-attributed to other ANSPs.

  • Under the auspices of the Route Network (RN) Scenarios during Capacity & Weather Based Operations between June and September 2025, an additional 6k minutes of en route ATFM delay were re-attributed to ENAV – with 2k minutes of delay originating in Italy, being re-attributed to other ANSPs.

  • When the above post-operations re-attributions are factored in, the total en route delay for ENAV in 2025 was 158k minutes in 2025 down from 1,454k minutes in 2024.

Regarding the reasons and circumstances resulting in the achieved level of actual performance of the en route ATFM delay per flight KPI, the NSA reports: “The ENAV post-ops reconciliation process finally resulted in a figure of the Capacity KPI #1 being 0.075 min/flight (160,866 min./2,141,865 flights) against the 0.074 (158,322 min./ 2,139,035 flight) reported above. The reconciliation processes also affected the additional Capacity ENR PI#1 which solely includes the C, R, S, T, M, P reasons of the ATFM delay. It scored 0.010 min/flight.”

Regarding follow up of the remedial measures indicated in the previous monitoring report(s), the NSA reports: “No remedial measures were indicated in the previous monitoring report.”

En route capacity incentive scheme

The Italian NSA reports a financial bonus of €12,975,732 for the ANSP because of the 2025 performance.

The local incentive target for en route ATFM delays, due to CRSTMP causes only, was set at 0.14 mins/flight.

The NSA reports an achieved performance of 0.011 mins/flight using the data from the ansperformance.eu dashboard including post ops adjustments.

[NB The attribution of original delay causes on the ansperformance.eu dashboard is unverified]

En route performance indicators at ACC level (PI#4-5)

NoteFocus en route performance indicators at ACC level

Percentage of total en route ATFM delay that occurred on days when the daily throughput was above the expected daily traffic

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “Values not verified by the NSA/NCA due to database unavailability. The indicator is new and therefore not included in the 2024 AMR”

Annual weighted average of the daily peak throughput

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “This indicator is new and NCA/NSA need to investigate on the results of these throughput due to the fact that computation made by ANSP does not match with the reference data.”

Other en route information

NoteFocus on other en route information

ATCOs in operations

No comment provided.

Terminal performance

Arrival ATFM delay (KPI#2)

NoteFocus on arrival ATFM delay

Arrival ATFM delay

Average ATFM arrival delay in Italy was 0.29 min/arr in 2025, the first year of RP4. The performance is almost equal to 2024, last year of RP3, when there were 0.28 min/arr. It has to be noted that in RP3, Italy included only its five largest airports for the calculation of this indicator, whereas in the first year of RP4 there are 48 airports.

Within five of the six largest airports, the figures range from 0.04 min/arr in Rome Fiumicino to 0.36 min/arr in Milan Malpensa. However, the highest ATFM arrival delays in Italy took place in the sixth one, Naples, with 2.34 min/arr in 2025, increased from 1.55 min/arr in 2024. Delays in Naples are frequently driven by local operations procedures constrained by high temperatures in the summer.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of ATFM Arrival delay across Member States in 2025 was 0.97 min/arr.

Regarding the reasons and circumstances resulting in the achieved level of actual performance of the arrival ATFM delay per flight KPI, the NSA reports: “ENAV monitors all ATFM delays on a monthly basis at both national and airport levels. For 2025, a slight discrepancy was found compared to PRU data regarding the LIxx cluster (0.397 min/flight for ENAV versus 0.386 min/flight for PRU).”

Regarding follow up of the remedial measures indicated in the previous monitoring report(s), the NSA reports: “No remedial measures were indicated in the previous monitoring report.”

Terminal capacity incentive scheme

In the first year of RP4, with an ATFM Arr delay of 0.29 min/arr, Italy achieved the national target of 0.35 min/arr. However, the pivot value for incentives (0.06 min/arr) is limited to CRSTMP delay causes. As the State-reported CRSTMP delay of 0.046 min/arr* falls within the bonus sliding range for the incentive scheme, the NSA calculates a financial bonus of EUR 461,895.

*Note: The PRB has not been able to verify the figure reported by the Member State.

Other terminal performance indicators (PI#1-3)

Airport level
Airport name
Avg arrival ATFM delay (KPI#2)
Slot adherence (PI#1)
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Bergamo 0.22 NA NA NA NA 95.3% NA NA NA NA
Bologna Borgo Panigale 0.05 NA NA NA NA 95.6% NA NA NA NA
Brindisi Casale 0.00 NA NA NA NA 95.2% NA NA NA NA
Catania Fontanarossa (ENAV+ITAF) 0.25 NA NA NA NA 95.1% NA NA NA NA
ITAF Pisa 0.32 NA NA NA NA 80.9% NA NA NA NA
Milan Linate 0.29 NA NA NA NA 98.4% NA NA NA NA
Milan Malpensa 0.36 NA NA NA NA 98.4% NA NA NA NA
Napoli Capodichino 2.34 NA NA NA NA 97.7% NA NA NA NA
Palermo Punta Raisi NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Roma Ciampino 0.16 NA NA NA NA 92.5% NA NA NA NA
Rome Fiumicino 0.04 NA NA NA NA 94.8% NA NA NA NA
Torino Caselle 0.00 NA NA NA NA 97.2% NA NA NA NA
Treviso San Angelo (ENAV+ITAF) 0.00 NA NA NA NA 90.2% NA NA NA NA
Venice Tessera 0.10 NA NA NA NA 93.4% NA NA NA NA
Airport name
ATC pre departure delay (PI#2)
All causes pre departure delay (PI#3)
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Bergamo 1.27 NA NA NA NA 20.01 NA NA NA NA
Milan Linate 0.48 NA NA NA NA 10.14 NA NA NA NA
Milan Malpensa 1.13 NA NA NA NA 20.28 NA NA NA NA
Rome Fiumicino 1.59 NA NA NA NA 14.34 NA NA NA NA
NoteFocus on other terminal performance indicators

ATFM slot adherence

ATFM slot adherence in 2025 was equal to 95.1%, very close to 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 94.2%. With regard to the 4.9% of flights that did not adhere, 3.2% were early and 1.7% were late.

All the airports above 26,000 IFR departures showed adherence above 93%; all airports below that traffic showed a 100% adherence.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of ATFM slot adherence across Member States in 2025 was 96.3%.

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “Slightly difference in adherence values exists between the prefilled tables and what has been elaborated by Italy (ENAV) for the same year.

ENAV data source is NM/NMIR, the difference is around one decimal percentage point and can be explained by the use of different/updated flight samples that eventually respected the ATFM slot time window. Nevertheless, it must clarified what the cluster of LIxx aiports is, since the EU REG 255/2010 and its modifications refers to all the national airports and not only those 41 airports falling under the performance and charging scheme. Here again different sources lead to different figures.”

ATC pre-departure delay

Rome Fiumicino, Milan Malpensa, Milan Linate and Bergamo are the only Italian airports subject to the monitoring of this indicator.

Delay in Rome – Fiumicino in 2025 decreased to 1.59 min/dep, 25% lower than 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 2.13 min/dep.

Delay in Milan – Malpensa in 2025 was equal to 1.13 min/dep, very close to 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 1.15 min/dep.

Delay in Milan – Linate in 2025 decreased to 0.48 min/dep, 20% lower than 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 0.60 min/dep.

Delay in Bergamo in 2025 was equal to 1.27 min/dep, very close to 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 1.21 min/dep.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of ATC pre-departure delay across Member States and for which enough data is available in 2025 was 0.74 min/dep.

As background information on actual performance, the NSA reports: “Performance improved across all airports except for LIME.”

All causes pre-departure delay

Rome Fiumicino, Milan Malpensa, Milan Linate and Bergamo are the only Italian airports subject to the monitoring of this indicator. All of them reduced their average departure delay per flight in 2025.

Delay in Rome – Fiumicino in 2025 decreased to 14.34 min/dep, 24% lower than 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 18.92 min/dep.

Delay in Milan – Malpensa in 2025 decreased to 20.28 min/dep, 14% lower than 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 23.54 min/dep.

Delay in Milan – Linate in 2025 decreased to 10.14 min/dep, 12% lower than 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 11.55 min/dep.

Delay in Bergamo in 2025 decreased to 20.01 min/dep, 13% lower than 2024 value – last year of RP3 – of 23.11 min/dep.

The average for RP4 airports subject to monitoring of all causes pre-departure delay across Member States in 2025 was 16.47 min/dep.

 
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