Safety - Belgium

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PRB monitoring

  • In 2025, Skeyes did not achieve the planned maturity levels set out in its performance plan for any of the five components of the EoSM. Moreover, Skeyes scored A for all SM objectives and needs significant improvement in order to reach the targets by the end of RP4.

  • The rate of runway incursions (RI) was 0.98 and equal to the RIs with ANS contribution, with the former indicator below the Union-wide average while the latter above. The rate of RIs has increased compared to 2024.

  • The rate of separation minima infringements (SMIs) at State level was 5.04, and at ANSP level 9.31. The rate of SMIs was below Union-wide average at State level and above Union-wide average at ANSP level. When comparing to 2024, rate of SMIs has decreased at both State level and ANSP level.

Effectiveness of Safety Management (EoSM) (KPI#1)

In 2025, Skeyes did not meet the planned maturity levels set out in its performance plan for any of the five components of the EoSM. Skeyes scored A for all the safety management objectives and needs significant improvement for the EoSM in order to reach the targets by the end of RP4.

As described in the monitoring report, Skeyes has not achieved the expected intermediate targets. In terms of main measures put in place to achieve the safety performance targets, the report defines the following elements:

  • Safety risk management: Human factors integration, revision of internal and external interfaces.

  • Safety assurance: updated audit cycle to ensure sustained compliance in RP4.

  • Safety culture development: conduct of regular safety culture assessment across the organisation.

  • Benchmarking and peer learning.

  • Monitoring and corrective actions: Corrective action plans will be launched whenever deviations from the safety targets are observed.

As the planned levels were not achieved, Belgium explains in the monitoring report the reasons leading to this situation; Skeyes is not always able to demonstrate compliance with the guidance provided in the EoSM questionnaire. In addition, Skeyes did not make use of the time allotted to provide and update the justification and evidence required to meet the intermediate targets.

In terms of remedial actions implemented or planned, as described in the monitoring report, a compliance monitoring plan has been established by Skeyes, with compliance monitoring audits planned. Internal SMS audit has been performed in 2025, CAP will be implemented to correct the findings.

The NSA describes in the monitoring report that the intended measures to be undertaken to remedy the situation are continuous oversight and possible enforcement measures.

Safety occurrences

Rate of runway incursions (RIs) (PI#1) and Rate of runway incursion with ANS contribution (PI#3)

Rate of RIs per 100,000 airport movements - Belgium
# Airport name APT movements Number of RI Rate RI per 100,000 Number of RI with ANS contribution Rate RI per 100,000 with ANS contribution
1 Brussels 204,151 2 0.98 2 0.98

Belgium reported 2 runway incursions (RI) at Brussels airport during 2025. When comparing the RIs at airport level to Union-wide level, Belgium was lower than the Union-wide average (0.98 vs 2.70). The rate of runway incursions has increased compared to 2024 at airport level (0.98 vs 0.5).

In 2025, Belgium reported 2 runway incursions with ANS contribution. When comparing the RIs with ANS contribution to the Union-wide level, Belgium was slightly higher than Union-wide average (0.98 vs 0.87). At ANS contribution-level, Belgium reported 0 RIs in 2024.

As described in the monitoring report, Local Runway Safety Teams (LRSTs) are established at all international airports in Belgium. Occurrence of runway incursions and associated investigation is permanently monitored and reported in line with international regulation. Outcome of safety investigations and associated safety recommendations is permanently monitored by NSA and verified during ongoing oversight activities.

Rate of separation minima infringements (SMIs) (PI#2) and Rate of separation minima infringements with ANS contribution (PI#4)

Rate of SMI with ANS contribution per 100,000 flight hours
# ANSP
Flight hours
Number of SMIs with ANS contribution
Rate of SMI with ANS contribution per 100,000 flight hours
% variation in rate of SMIs
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
1 skeyes 204,151 NA NA NA NA 19 NA NA NA NA 9.3 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

At State level, Belgium reported 17 separation minima infringements (SMI) in their airspace during 2025. The rate of separation minima infringements was lower than the Union-wide average (5.04 vs 7.87). At ANSP level, Belgium reported 19 SMIs with ANS contribution. The rate of separation minima infringements at ANSP level was higher than the Union-wide average (9.31 vs 6.02).

When comparing to 2024, the rate of separation minima infringements has decreased at State level (5.04 vs 5.27) and decreased significantly at ANSP level (9.31 vs 17.94).

As described in the monitoring report, at Member State level, separation minima infringement occurrences and investigations are permanently monitored and followed up by the Belgian NSA and reported in line with international regulation. Safety of service provision and follow-up of safety recommendations is permanently subject to NSA oversight.